関連する実験動画
Updated: Apr 7, 2026

09:40
Generation of Genomic Deletions in Mammalian Cell Lines via CRISPR/Cas9
Published on: January 3, 2015
96.9K
有害な変異によって誘発される遺伝的補償は,遺伝子ノックダウンではない
Andrea Rossi1, Zacharias Kontarakis1, Claudia Gerri1
1Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
Nature
|July 14, 2015
まとめ
ゼブラフィッシュ egfl7 と vegfaa の遺伝子変異は,遺伝子ノックダウンとは異なり,補償遺伝子ネットワークを誘発します. これは,突然変異者がしばしば現象型を示さない理由を説明し,ノックダウンが重度の血管欠陥を引き起こし,重要なバッファリングメカニズムを明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 細胞は遺伝子発現を調節することで環境の変化に適応する.
- 遺伝子用量補償メカニズムは,細胞機能を維持するために非常に重要です.
- 遺伝子変異と遺伝子ノックダウンの間のフェノタイプの不一致は,モデル生物全体で観察されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 遺伝子変異体と遺伝子ノックダウンとの間のフェノタイプの違いの分子基盤を調査する.
- 機能喪失変異に対してバッファリングする補償メカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- ゼブラフィッシュにおけるegfl7とvegfaa変異体の発生.
- ミュータントとモルファントのプロテオームとトランスクリプトームの比較 (ノックダウン).
- egfl7に対するCRISPR干渉の分析,ノックダウン効果と変異効果を区別する.
主要な成果:
- egfl7変異体は表型を示さないが,egfl7変異体は重度の血管欠陥を示している.
- egfl7変異体は,変異体とは異なり,補償細胞外マトリックス遺伝子のアップレギュレーションを示しています.
- vegfaa変異体は,vegfabをアップレギュレーションし,これはvegfaa変異体では見られない現象である.
- egfl7 CRISPRの干渉が重症な欠陥を引き起こすが,補償遺伝子のアップレギュレーションを誘導しなかった.
結論:
- 補償遺伝子のネットワークは遺伝子変異に反応して活性化しますが,翻訳的または転写的ノックダウンにはなりません.
- このネットワークは有害な突然変異に対するバッファであり,一部の変異体における現象型の欠如を説明する.
- これらの補償メカニズムを理解することは,遺伝子研究と治療介入の解釈に不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
In-vitro Mutagenesis
17.7K
To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
17.7K
Gene Conversion
10.9K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
10.9K
Dosage Compensation
7.8K
In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
7.8K
Genome Copying Errors
5.5K
DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.
5.5K
Mismatch Repair
7.1K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
7.1K
Genetic Screens
5.9K
Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which...
5.9K

