運動ニューロンのアイデンティティの祖先の逆転によって明らかになったフレクサー・ロコモーター・パターンの優位性
Timothy A Machado1, Eftychios Pnevmatikakis2, Liam Paninski3
1Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute of Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Statistics, Center for Theoretical Neuroscience and Grossman Center for the Statistics of Mind, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Cell
|July 18, 2015
まとめ
運動ニューロンのアイデンティティは 脊髄の運動回路を形作ります ネズミのモーターニューロンのアイデンティティを逆転させることで 原始的な柔らかい泳ぐパターンを生み出し 運動の神経制御に関する 進化の洞察を明らかにしました
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 進化生物学
- モーター コントロール
背景:
- 脊髄回路は 感覚や下降からの入力とは無関係に 運動を発生します
- 機関車回路の組織原理は完全に理解されていません.
- 進化論の比較は 基本的な生物学的原理の洞察を 提供しています
研究 の 目的:
- 運動回路の組織形成におけるモーターニューロンのアイデンティティの役割を調査する.
- 脊髄運動回路の発展の基礎となる 進化の原理を探求する
- モーターニューロンのアイデンティティが 特定の運動パターンの生成に影響するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 2フォトンの画像と 孤立したマウスの脊髄を分析した
- 原始的な水生脊椎動物に似せるように 肢体神経細胞のアイデンティティを操作した
- 何百ものモーターニューロンの 発射パターンを記録した
主要な成果:
- 野生型のマウスの遠隔関節を制御するモーターニューロンの連続的な徴募を観察した.
- モーターニューロンのアイデンティティを逆転させることが フレクサーのような発火パターンを生み出したことを示した.
- 神経回路の出力に対するモーターニューロンのアイデンティティの影響を示した.
結論:
- 運動ニューロンのアイデンティティは 運動回路の配線を決定する重要な要素です
- 柔らかいパターンの生成は,脊髄の運動において進化的に主要なものであるようです.
- この研究は 運動制御の進化について 新しい見方を示しています
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