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進化 について グンドワナの白亜紀初期に生じた四足の蛇
David M Martill1, Helmut Tischlinger2, Nicholas R Longrich3
1School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, UK.
まとめ
4本の足を持つ蛇の化石は 初期の蛇形の進化を示しています この発見により 蛇は穴を掘る祖先から生まれ Gondwanaで進化したと考えられ 爬虫類の進化の理解に影響を与えました
科学分野:
- 古生物学
- 進化生物学
- 脊椎動物学
背景:
- 蛇の進化の起源は 現代の多様性にもかかわらず ほとんど知られていません
- 2本足のヘビの発見は からヘビへの移行に光を当てましたが 4本足のヘビの化石は 説明されなかったのです
- 初期のヘビの生態系と祖先の環境は 十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- ブラジルで発見された 4本足のヘビについてです
- 化石の証拠に基づいて 初期のヘビの生態学的適応と進化の起源を推測する
- クラウン・サーペンテスの初期の多様化と地理的起源を調査する
主な方法:
- 四肢の化石ヘビの形状分析で,体型,四肢構造,頭蓋骨の特徴に焦点を当てています.
- 適応を特定するために,現存するおよび絶滅した爬虫類との比較解剖学.
- ダイエットと捕食行動の分析
主要な成果:
- 蛇形の四肢の描写 蛇形の四肢の描写 蛇形の四肢の描写
- 頭蓋骨と体の比率と神経脊柱の縮小による化石の適応 (掘り起こし) の証拠
- 捕食者の特徴 (歯,内関節) と腸内の脊椎動物の獲物,早期の肉食性を示す.
- 捕獲物や交尾のための 捕獲機能を示唆しています
結論:
- 4本足のヘビは からヘビへの移行について 重要な洞察を与えてくれます
- 化石の適応により 蛇は 穴を掘る祖先から 進化したと考えられます
- この発見は他の基礎ヘビと並んで コロナヘビのゴンドワナ起源を裏付けています
- 初期のヘビは脊椎動物の捕食者であり 肉食はヘビの歴史の初期に 進化したことを示しています
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