ニューロ開発 大人の皮質の可塑性は,出生後の早期の臨界期に依存する
Stuart D Greenhill1, Konrad Juczewski2, Annelies M de Haan1
1School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF23 3AX, UK.
まとめ
マウスの早期発達の間にDISC1のシグナル伝達を妨害すると,シナプス可塑性が低下し,成人期に長期の増強とうつ病に影響する. これはDISC1変異に関連した認知障害と精神症状を説明する可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 精神科
背景:
- 脳の皮質の発達は 臨界期間の感覚経験に依存しています
- シナプスの可塑性は 感覚の入力によって 皮質の発達を左右します
- 臨界期間の障害は神経特異性の欠損につながる可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- シナプスの可塑性に影響する 臨界期を調査する
- この発達過程におけるDISC1信号の役割を調べる.
- DISC1障害が脳機能に及ぼす 長期的な影響を理解するためです
主な方法:
- 新生児のマウスは,DISC1 C端領域の信号伝達に一時的な障害を経験した.
- 長期増強 (LTP) と長期抑うつ (LTD) を含むシナプス可塑性は,成人期に評価されました.
- 経験による増強とLTDの逆転は,発達段階ごとに評価された.
主要な成果:
- 新生児のDISC1障害は成人のLTPと経験依存の増強を廃止しました.
- LTDとLTDの逆転は青春期に低下し,成人期には存在しない.
- これらのシナプス欠陥は 皮質の発達の変化と相関しています
結論:
- シナプスの可塑性の発達を左右する 臨界期が存在します
- DISC1信号は正常な可塑性メカニズムを確立するために不可欠です.
- DISC1障害による可塑性の低下は,認知障害や精神疾患の根底にある可能性があります.
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