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関連する概念動画

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

79
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
79
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

57
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
57
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

56
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
56
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

49
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
49
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

41
The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
41
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

38
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
38

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

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人間 の 微生物 人間 の 微生物 群 の 小さな 分子

Mohamed S Donia1, Michael A Fischbach2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. donia@princeton.edu fischbach@fischbachgroup.org.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 25, 2015
PubMed
まとめ

ヒトの腸内微生物は 免疫調節のような 生物学的活動を持つ多数の小さな分子を 生成します 将来の技術により これらの重要な微生物群に由来する化合物の発見と理解が向上します

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Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
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Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota
06:23

Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota

Published on: February 15, 2019

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
06:58

Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems

Published on: August 23, 2019

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Investigation of Microbial Cooperation via Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bacterial Colonies Grown on Agar and in Tissue During Infection
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Applying Advanced In Vitro Culturing Technology to Study the Human Gut Microbiota
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科学分野:

  • 微生物学
  • メタボロミクス
  • ゲノミクス

背景:

  • ゲノミクスと微生物群と宿主の相互作用の研究は,ヒトの微生物群からの小さな分子の発見を促しました.
  • ヒトの微生物群は 重要な生物学的機能を持つ 多様な小さな分子の豊かな源です

研究 の 目的:

  • ヒトの微生物群によって生成される小さな分子に関する現在の知識を見直す.
  • これらの分子を発見するための 将来の技術について議論します
  • 微生物と宿主と微生物との相互作用を促す重要な分子を特定する課題に取り組む.

主な方法:

  • ヒトの微生物系に由来する小分子に関する文献レビュー.
  • 分子発見のための現在および新興技術の分析.
  • これらの分子の生物学的関連性と相互作用を駆動する役割の議論

主要な成果:

  • 主要な代謝産物クラスの多数の小分子がヒトの微生物群で特定されています.
  • これらの分子は免疫調節と抗生物質を含む多様な生物学的活動を表しています.
  • 微生物と宿主と 微生物と微生物の相互作用に影響を与える 重要な分子が発見されています

結論:

  • ヒトの微生物群は 生物活性小分子の 重要な供給源です
  • 技術の進歩は 将来の発見や これらの分子の役割の理解に 極めて重要です
  • 宿主の健康と病気における微生物系由来化合物の特定の機能と関連性を明らかにするためにさらなる研究が必要である.