自費医療法の下での自己報告保険の適用,医療へのアクセス,および医療の変更
Benjamin D Sommers1, Munira Z Gunja2, Kenneth Finegold3
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts2Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, US Department of Health and Human Services, Wash.
JAMA
|July 29, 2015
まとめ
安価な医療法 (ACA) は,米国の成人の医療保険,医療へのアクセス,および全体的な健康を改善しました. メディケイドの拡大州は 拡大しない州と比較して 低所得層の成人がより大きな利益を得ました
科学分野:
- 健康政策
- 公衆衛生
- 医療サービス研究
背景:
- 格安医療法 (ACA) は,医療保険の範囲を拡大し,米国における医療へのアクセスを改善することを目的とした.
- ACAの影響を評価することは,ACAの有効性を理解し,将来の健康政策に情報を提供するために極めて重要です.
- 最初の2つの公開登録期間は,健康上の結果の初期変化を評価する機会を提供しました.
研究 の 目的:
- ACAの実施後の米国成人の自己報告の健康保険のカバー,ケアへのアクセス,および健康状態の国内変化を推定する.
- 医療保険制度を拡大した州と 拡大しなかった州に住む 低所得者層の変化を比較します
主な方法:
- 2012~2015年のギャラップ・ヘルスウェイズ・ウェルビーイング・インデックスの分析
- 高齢者でない米国の成人の傾向と社会人口学的要因を調整するために多変数回帰を用いた.
- メディケイドの拡大と非拡大州における低所得者の結果を比較するために,差異の差別のアプローチを採用した.
主要な成果:
- 保険のカバー,個人医へのアクセス,薬の入手,手頃な価格,およびACA後の全体的な健康状態の有意な改善が観察されました.
- ラテン系成人を含むマイノリティー集団では特に顕著でした.
- 低所得者層の成人は,メディケイドの拡大が進まない州と比較して,無保険率の減少と医療へのアクセスを改善しました.
結論:
- ACAの最初のオープン登録期間は,健康保険のカバーとケアへのアクセスの重要なポジティブな傾向と関連していました.
- メディケイドの拡大は 低所得層の健康改善に 重要な役割を果たしました
- これらの結果は,米国における医療へのアクセスと手頃な価格の改善における ACAの役割を強調しています.
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