量子ガスは 準ランダム光学格子における相互作用するフェルミオンの多体局在の観測
Michael Schreiber1, Sean S Hodgman1, Pranjal Bordia1
1Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 Munich, Germany. Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 1, 2015
まとめ
マルチボディ・ローカリゼーション (MBL) は,相互作用するフェルミオン系における熱化を防止する. 実験では,準ランダムな光学格子における乱れ強さを増加させることで,MBLの移行を確認して最初の順序が保存される.
科学分野:
- 量子物理学
- 凝縮物質物理学
- 統計的メカニズム
背景:
- マルチボディ・ローカライゼーション (MBL) は,相互作用する量子システムにおける乱れ誘発粒子ローカライゼーションを記述する.
- MBLシステムは,熱化に失敗し,非エルゴディック時間進化を示すことで,従来の熱力学に違反する.
研究 の 目的:
- 相互作用するフェルミオンにおける非エルゴディック時間進化を実験的に観察する.
- リラクゼーションダイナミクスを分析することによって,多体局所化の移行を特定する.
- 相互作用と障害の強度に対するMBL移行の依存性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 相互作用するフェルミオンを制限するために 一次元の準ランダム光学格子を使用した.
- 初期充電密度波状態を準備した.
- 充電密度波のリラクゼーションダイナミクスを監視し,MBLの移行点を特定しました.
主要な成果:
- 障害の強さに基づくエルゴディック (熱化) とノンエルゴディック (熱化しない) の時間進化の明確な区別を観察した.
- 決定的な障害の強度が特定され,その上での初期オーダーが持続し,MBLを示します.
- 理論的な予測と一致する 相互作用の強さに依存する
結論:
- 相互作用するフェルミオンの多体局所化の存在を実験的に確認した.
- 充電密度波のリラックスダイナミクスを介してMBL移行を特定する方法を実証した.
- この発見は,様々な条件下での将来のMBL研究のための基盤を提供します.
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