軍事関連のPTSDに対する心理療法:ランダム化臨床試験のレビュー
Maria M Steenkamp1, Brett T Litz2, Charles W Hoge3
1Steven and Alexandra Cohen Veterans Center for Posttraumatic Stress and Traumatic Brain Injury, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, New York.
JAMA
|August 5, 2015
まとめ
認知処理療法 (Cognitive Processing Therapy,CPT) と長期的曝露は,多くの軍人や退役軍人のPTSD患者の症状の有意な改善を示しています. しかし,高い非反応率と持続的な症状は,よりよいPTSD治療の必要性を示しています.
科学分野:
- 精神科
- 心理学について
- 軍事保健
背景:
- トラウマ後ストレス障害 (PTSD) は 軍人や退役軍人の間で 蔓延し 障害となる状態です
- 現在,PTSDに対する第一線心理療法は主にトラウマに焦点を当てたアプローチであり,トラウマの詳細や関連する認知および感情的な影響に焦点を当てています.
研究 の 目的:
- 軍人や退役軍人の PTSD 治療における様々な心理療法の有効性を評価する.
- PTSD治療のランダム化臨床試験の結果をまとめました
主な方法:
- 1980年1月から2015年3月までの間に発表されたランダム化臨床試験 (RCT) について,PubMed,PsycINFO,PILOTSの体系的な検索が行われました.
- 含める基準は,軍人や退役軍人のPTSDに対する個人および集団心理療法に焦点を当て,結果として36件の研究が分析されました.
主要な成果:
- 最も研究されたトラウマに焦点を当てた治療法である認知処理療法 (CPT) と長期曝露は,グループ内での大きな効果サイズを示した (Cohen d範囲,0. 78-1.10).
- 臨床的に有意義な症状の改善を達成し,待合リストと通常治療の対照群を上回った.
- 治療後のPTSDの診断は改善にもかかわらず,患者の有意な割合 (60% - 72%) が維持され,CPTと長期間の曝露は,非トラウマに焦点を当てた治療よりもわずかな優位性を示した.
結論:
- CPTのようなトラウマに焦点を当てた介入や 長期的曝露は PTSDを患っている多くの軍人や退役軍人のために 臨床的に有意義な利点をもたらします
- 高い非反応率と持続的な症状は,PTSDの治療戦略の強化の緊急の必要性を強調しています.
- トラウマに焦点を当てた新型のエビデンスに基づいた心理療法のさらなる研究と開発は,この集団における結果を改善するために不可欠です.
さらに関連する動画
04:02Author Spotlight: Developing Precise and Clinically Relevant Models for Studying Secondary Degeneration in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy
Published on: November 29, 2024
1.6K
08:25Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
Published on: December 6, 2024
1.3K
関連する概念動画
01:27Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
841
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
841
01:28Psychotherapy
654
Psychotherapy is a versatile, nonmedical approach aimed at helping individuals address emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal issues to enhance their overall well-being. It can involve one-on-one sessions, couples counseling, or small group discussions with a therapist. The therapeutic process includes various techniques such as open discussion, interpretation of thoughts and behaviors, active listening, positive reinforcement, and role modeling. Psychotherapy aims to support individuals in...
654
01:24Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders
930
Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
930
01:30Psychosurgery
2.3K
Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
2.3K
01:25Interpersonal Psychotherapy
576
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a structured, time-limited therapeutic approach initially developed to treat depression. It integrates key concepts from psychodynamic, humanistic, and cognitive-behavioral therapies, making it a uniquely eclectic framework. The therapy is rooted in the interpersonal theories of Adolph Meyer and Harry Stack Sullivan, as well as John Bowlby's attachment theory, and focuses on the interplay between interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being.
576
01:29Psychodynamic Therapy
893
Psychodynamic therapies emphasize the exploration of unconscious processes and early childhood experiences as fundamental contributors to psychological difficulties. These therapies, deeply rooted in Freud's psychoanalytic theory, aim to uncover and resolve unconscious conflicts, granting individuals insights that promote emotional and behavioral healing. Contemporary psychodynamic approaches have evolved, integrating a broader range of influences and methodologies while still valuing the...
893