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Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

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The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
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Ribozymes02:47

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Types of RNA01:23

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Riboswitches01:56

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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
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Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
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RIBO-seq in Bacteria: a Sample Collection and Library Preparation Protocol for NGS Sequencing
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リボ酵素-球状核酸

Jessica L Rouge1,2, Timothy L Sita3,2,4, Liangliang Hao3,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 15, 2015
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,リボ酵素を安定させ,その治療的可能性を高めるため,新しい球状核酸 (SNA) 構造を開発しました. この新しいリボエンザイム-SNAは,ガン細胞のMGMTを効果的に標的にして減少させ,化学療法に対する感受性を改善します.

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科学分野:

  • 生物化学
  • 分子生物学
  • RNAセラピー

背景:

  • リボ酵素は,特定のmRNA配列を分割できる,触媒的活性を持つRNA分子である.
  • 現在のリボエンザイム治療は,大きさと構造的不安定性により,siRNAとmiRNAと比較して有効性を阻害しています.
  • O(6) - メチルグアニン- DNAメチルトランスフェラーゼ (MGMT) は,化学療法に対する耐性,特に多型膠芽細胞腫 (GBM) の重要なタンパク質です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 球状核酸 (SNA) 構造を用いたリボ酵素の安定化のための新しい合成戦略を開発する.
  • ガン細胞におけるMGMTを標的とするリボ酵素-SNA構造の治療の可能性を特徴づける.
  • リボエンザイム-SNAがアポトーシスを促進し,GBM細胞を化学療法に敏感にする効果を評価する.

主な方法:

  • 球形の核酸構造を用いたリボ酵素-SNA結合体の合成.
  • リボエンザイム-SNAの安定性と細胞の吸収の特徴
  • GBM細胞におけるMGMT mRNA分裂とタンパク質ノックダウンの評価
  • 治療によるアポトーシスに対するGBM細胞の感受性の評価.

主要な成果:

  • 新しいリボ酵素-SNAアーキテクチャは,細胞の配達と機能のためにリボ酵素を安定させることに成功しました.
  • 完全なMGMT mRNAの直接的な分裂が観察され,MGMTタンパク質の重要なノックダウンにつながった.
  • リボエンザイム- SNAで治療されたGBM細胞は,治療によるアポトーシスに対する感受性の増加を示した.
  • 効果的な発射と機能は,従来の変異剤とは無関係に達成されました.

結論:

  • 球状核酸 (SNA) 構造は,リボ酵素を安定させ,その治療効果を高めるための有望な戦略を提供します.
  • リボエンザイム- SNA結合は,潜在的に治療抵抗を克服する,膠原腫におけるMGMTを標的とする新しい効果的なアプローチを表しています.
  • この革新的な化学構造は 固体腫瘍に対する RNAベースの治療法の進歩に 大きな期待を寄せています