AIDが誘発するDNA断裂の指向特有の結合は,抗体クラスの切り替えを促進する
Junchao Dong1, Rohit A Panchakshari1, Tingting Zhang1
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Nature
|August 27, 2015
まとめ
クラス・スイッチ・リコンビネーション (CSR) は,生産的な消去指向のためにプログラムされています. この研究は,免疫グロブリン重鎖遺伝子組織と活性化誘発のシチジンデアミナーゼによるDNA二重鎖の断裂を含む前例のないメカニズムを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- B細胞の発達には,RAGエンドヌクレアスが,V(D) Jエクソンアセンブリのための免疫グロブリン重鎖 (IgH) 遺伝子セグメントを分割する.
- 成熟したB細胞におけるクラス・スイッチ・リコンビネーション (CSR) は,Cμ常数領域エクソンを下流常数領域エクソン (CHs) で置き換えます.
- CSRは活性化誘発型シチジンデアミナーゼ (AID) によって開始され,DNAの二重鎖断裂 (DSB) をデレーション方向で結合する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- オリエンテーション特有の結合がCSRのプログラムされた特徴であるかどうかを判断する. V(D) J再結合に類似する.
- CSRが生産的な削除指向を達成するメカニズムを調査する.
- CSRの方向性を強化する要素を特定する.
主な方法:
- 高通量全ゲノムトランスロケーション配列を,敏感なDSB端結合測定法に適応する.
- マウスのB細胞における内生性AID誘発S領域のDSBに対する試験の適用
主要な成果:
- 生産的な消去の方向性で発生するようにプログラムされています.
- シスIgHの組織的な特徴とAIDが開始したS領域のDSBを含む前例のないメカニズムは,この指向を容易にする.
- ATMに依存するDSB反応因子と53BP1は,このメカニズムの実施に関与しています.
結論:
- CSRはランダムではなく プログラムされたメカニズムです
- この研究は,生産的なCSR方向性を達成するための新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
- これらのメカニズムを理解することで,B細胞抗体クラスの多様化とDNA修復経路の洞察が得られます.
関連する概念動画
Antibody Structure and Classes
10.3K
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
10.3K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
18.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
18.4K
Antibody Structure
67.8K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
67.8K
Antibody Structure
15.2K
15.2K
Antibody Actions
3.9K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
3.9K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
2.1K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.1K


