移植後の受容体自然キラー細胞のアロ認識と適応性アロ免疫への影響
Jason Ali1, Ines Harper1, Eleanor Bolton1
1Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2015
まとめ
心臓移植におけるドナーのCD4T細胞による移植対宿主認識は,アロレスポンスを増幅し,自己免疫性を高めます. 宿主NK細胞によるこれらの細胞の急速な殺戮は,慢性的な拒絶と自己抗体発達の予防に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 移植生物学
- 自己免疫性
背景:
- 固体臓器移植を含む非リンパ性組織におけるメモリーT細胞は,移植結果に未知の影響を及ぼします.
- 以前の研究では,MHCIIクラス不一致の心臓移植において,乗客のCD4T細胞による移植対宿主 (GVH) 認識が,抗核自己免疫を誘発することを示した.
- この研究では,GVH認識が,より大きな不一致を持つアロ移植におけるアロレスポンスの影響を調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 提供者のT細胞によるGVH認識が,より大きなMHCミスマッチングを持つアロインプラントに対するアロレスポンスの影響を調べる.
- GVH媒介によるアロレスポンスの増強と自己免疫における受容NK細胞の役割を決定する.
- 固体臓器移植における慢性拒絶と自己抗体発達のメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- MHCクラスIとIIのマウス心臓移植モデル (bm12.Kd.IEからC57BL/6) を使った.
- ELISPOTとELISAを用いて細胞と体内の反応を評価した.
- 提供者のCD4T細胞と受容者のNK細胞 (抗NK1.1抗体) を枯渇させることでGVH認識効果を調査した.
- 間接免疫光による反核自己抗体の開発を評価した.
主要な成果:
- MHCと不一致した心臓移植は,強いアロ抗体,自己抗体,受容者のアロ血管病を誘発した.
- ドナーのCD4T細胞の枯渇は血管病変とアロ抗体反応を減少させ,自己抗体を排除した.
- 受容体NK細胞の枯渇は,アロ抗体の反応を強め,拒絶を加速し,ドナーのCD4T細胞の枯渇によって廃止された.
- 提供者のCD4T細胞は,RAG宿主において長期間生存し,NK細胞逃避が自己抗体発現の鍵であることを示唆している.
結論:
- ホストの適応免疫は,GVH媒介によるアロレスポンスの増幅を防ぐには遅すぎます.
- 移植の結果を制御するために,宿主アロ活性NK細胞によるドナーリンパ球の急速な殺戮は不可欠です.
- 先天的なNK細胞の認識を誘発しないアロ移植における慢性的な拒絶に寄与する可能性がある.
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