歯科でのアルコール乱用検診と治療の実現可能性
Zairah Roked1, Simon Moore1, Jonathan Shepherd1
1Violence and Society Research Group, Department of Oral Surgery, Medicine and Pathology, Cardiff School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2015
まとめ
アルコールの乱用に対するスクリーニングと,初等歯科医療における短い介入を提供することは可能である. 一般的な歯科チームを巻き込むこのアプローチは,専門家のサービス負担を軽減し,歯科医は介入を行うのに適しています.
科学分野:
- 口腔衛生研究
- 公衆衛生の介入
- 薬物乱用に関する研究
背景:
- アルコール乱用は 癌やトラウマなどの 口腔健康問題と 関連しています
- 初等歯科医療は予防に重点を置くので 介入の戦略的な場です
- 専門医が主導する介入を 歯科のプライマリケアに組み込むことで 歯科のセカンドリーケアへの負担を軽減できます
研究 の 目的:
- 歯科医院でのアルコールの乱用に対するスクリーニングの可行性を評価する.
- 一般歯科医院でのアルコールの乱用に対する短期的な介入の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 一般歯科の18~65歳の患者が参加したランダム化比較試験です.
- スクリーニングは,受付室のスタッフが管理する,修正された単一のアルコールスクリーニング質問 (M-SASQ) を使用しました.
- 歯科医や衛生士による動機付けの介入を受け,対照群は通常のケアを受けた.
主要な成果:
- 歯科患者の46%が 飲酒の危険性について 検査結果が陽性でした
- 検査結果が陽性だった患者の48%について,追跡データがあった.
- 介入群と対照群の少数の患者はM-SASQスコアで改善を示した.
結論:
- アルコールの乱用に対するスクリーニングと介入は,初等歯科の設定で実行可能です.
- 一般歯科のチームはアルコール乱用に対処する役割を果たし,専門サービスの需要を減らす可能性があります.
- 歯科医は衛生士よりも この状況での介入を行うのに 適した立場にあるようです
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