骨髄増殖性腫瘍におけるJAK/ STAT経路の活性化に対するメソトレクサートの効果
Sally Thomas1, Katherine Fisher2, John Snowden3
1Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2015
まとめ
メソトレクサートは,骨髄増殖性腫瘍の重要な要因であるJAK/ STAT経路を阻害する. この薬は骨髄繊維症を含むこれらの血液がんの費用対効果の高い治療法として有望です.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 血液学
- 薬理学について
背景:
- 骨髄増殖性腫瘍 (MPN) は,JAK/ STAT経路の活性化によって引き起こされる血液がんです.
- JAK2V617F変異は,MPN患者の50~95%で発見され,構成的なJAK2活性化につながります.
- MPNの現在の治療法,特に骨髄繊維症は,有効性とコストに制限があります.
研究 の 目的:
- JAK/STAT信号経路を標的とする新しい治療化合物を特定する.
- 骨髄増殖性腫瘍の治療法として既存の薬の可能性を調査する.
- 骨髄繊維症の現在のJAK阻害剤に費用対効果の高い代替品を見つけるために.
主な方法:
- 2000個の小さな分子のライブラリが,ドロソフィラモデルでルシフェラーゼベースの測定法を使用してスクリーニングされました.
- ヒットはHDLM-2細胞でのウェスタン・ブロッティングで検証された.
- 特定された化合物の有効性は,JAK2V617F駆動のHEL細胞系で試験された.
主要な成果:
- メソトレクサートとアミノプテリンは,ドロソフィラのJAK/ STAT経路の強力な阻害剤として特定されました.
- この抑制効果はヒトの細胞に保たれた.
- メソトレクサートは,臨床的に重要な濃度で,HEL細胞におけるJAK/ STAT活性化を抑制した.
結論:
- メソトレクサートは,骨髄増殖性腫瘍の新たな治療法として潜在性を示しています.
- JAK1/2阻害剤に潜在的に安価な代替品を提供している.
- メトトレキサートの有効性を評価するために,さらなる臨床試験が必要である.
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