世界 的 血液 供給: 文献 の レビュー
Katherine E Kralievits1, Nakul P Raykar2, Sarah L M Greenberg3
1Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|August 28, 2015
まとめ
低・中所得国 (LMICs) の血液供給は,インフラが不十分で,認知度が低く,汚名を浴びているため,不十分です. これらの多面的な問題に取り組むには 公平性と血の安全性に関する革新的な解決策を優先して グローバルとローカルでの取り組みが必要です
科学分野:
- 世界保健
- 公衆衛生
- 保健 システム の 強化
背景:
- 機能する手術システムは 安全で十分な血液供給に依存しています
- 高所得国と低所得国,中所得国 (LMICs) の間で献血率の格差がある.
- これらの不平等の根本的な原因を理解することは 効果的な介入に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 世界的な血液供給状況を見直すため
- 献血と安全性に影響を与える国別課題を特定する.
- 収入レベルが異なる国間の血液供給の不平等に寄与する要因を分析する.
主な方法:
- PubMed,MEDLINE,Google Scholar,WHOのレポートを用いて広範な文献検索を行った.
- 献血率,無償の献血者比率,血液バンクの所在地,国家政策など,国別データを検索しました.
- 188か国からの定量データと記述データの両方が含まれています.
主要な成果:
- 低所得国における限られた献血は,医療インフラが不十分なこと,公衆の意識が低いこと,および汚名に起因する.
- LMICにおける輸血感染のより高い流行は,廃棄率とリスクの増加につながります.
- 血液に関する国家政策は,全国的な調整と規制のために,しばしば不十分に実施されています.
結論:
- LMICの血液供給は複雑で多因的な理由から 定量的にも質的にも不十分です
- 血液供給の不足に対処するには 地元や世界の注目を集め 政治的優先順位を定め 革新的な解決策を 求める必要があります
- 世界的な血液供給を改善するために 文化に配慮した 貧困支援 平等支援の取り組みが不可欠です
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