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関連する概念動画

Entropy02:39

Entropy

38.1K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
38.1K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

3.8K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
3.8K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

23.2K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
23.2K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

8.8K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.8K
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

152
The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
152
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

5.3K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
5.3K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

12.6K

COLLOIDS について コロイド物質: 包装,幾何学,およびエントロピー

Vinothan N Manoharan1

  • 1Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. vnm@seas.harvard.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

コロイド粒子は原子のように 複雑な相を形成します 形状や幾何学によって 影響を受ける彼らの集団的行動は エントロピーは物質の組織と動態を どう動かすかを明らかにします

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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
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Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

12.6K
Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
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Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

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科学分野:

  • 柔らかい物質の物理
  • 材料科学
  • 統計的メカニズム

背景:

  • コロイド粒子は自己組織を研究するモデルシステムとして機能する.
  • これらの粒子は 原子と類似した集団的行動を示しますが 独特の複雑さがあります
  • 彼らの行動は 幾何学とトポロジカルな要因によって 影響を受けます

研究 の 目的:

  • コロイド粒子をモデルシステムとして使って 物質がどのように組織されるかを探求する.
  • 粒子の行動における幾何学的制約の役割を調査する.
  • エントロピーが物質の構造と動力学に及ぼす影響を理解する.

主な方法:

  • コントロールされた形状と相互作用を持つコロイド粒子を利用します.
  • パッキングなどの幾何学的な概念を適用して粒子の振る舞いを分析します.
  • 短距離の粒子間の相互作用の影響を調査する.

主要な成果:

  • コロイド粒子は液体や結晶のような 大量相を形成します
  • ジオメトリックとトポロジーの制約は粒子の集団行動に大きな影響を及ぼします.
  • 物質の構造と形成の動態におけるエントロピーの役割は,幾何学的レンズを通して解明される.

結論:

  • コロイド系は自己組織化の基本的な原理を理解するのに価値があります.
  • エントロピーによる物質の形成に 洞察を与えてくれます
  • この研究は 原子スケールで観察されていない 独特の集団的行動を 強調しています