鼻がん
Melvin L K Chua1, Joseph T S Wee1, Edwin P Hui2
1Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS, Graduate Medical School, Singapore.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 1, 2015
まとめ
鼻がんによる死亡率は,改善されたスクリーニング,放射線治療,全身治療により減少しています. エプスタイン・バーウイルス (EBV) のDNAは,このがんのスクリーニングとモニタリングの重要なバイオマーカーです.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 流行病学
- ウイルス学
背景:
- 鼻がん (NPC) の発生率は世界的に減少していますが,死亡率は著しく減少しています.
- 医療技術と治療方法の進歩は 患者の改善に貢献しています
研究 の 目的:
- 鼻がん (NPC) 管理における疫学的な傾向と進歩をレビューする.
- NPCにおけるバイオマーカーとしてのエプスタイン・バーウイルス (EBV) の役割を強調する.
- 転移性NPCの新興治療法について議論する.
主な方法:
- NPCの発生率と死亡率に関する疫学データの分析
- 放射線治療,全身薬,バイオマーカーの応用における最近の進歩のレビュー.
- 新しいNPC治療の進行中の臨床試験の検討
主要な成果:
- NPCの死亡率の有意な減少は,ライフスタイルの変化,強化されたスクリーニング,高度な放射線療法 (強度調節放射線療法),および全身療法によるものである.
- 循環するエプスタイン・バーウイルス (EBV) のDNAの定量評価は,NPCのスクリーニング,予後および監視のためにますます利用されています.
- ランダム化試験では EBV DNAが 治療の強度を調整する役割を調査しています
結論:
- 先進的な放射線治療とEBVベースのバイオマーカーを含む改善された管理戦略は,鼻がんによる死亡率を大幅に減少させました.
- VEGF阻害や免疫療法などの新興治療法は 転移性疾患の治療に有望です
- EBVの役割と新しい治療法に関する継続的な研究は,NPC患者のアウトカムをさらに改善するために不可欠です.
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