病原体の細胞間変動は宿主免疫反応の異質性を誘発する
Roi Avraham1, Nathan Haseley2, Douglas Brown1
1Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Cell
|September 8, 2015
まとめ
細菌の多様性は 宿主細胞の様々な免疫反応を引き起こします この研究では,PhoPQの活動などの個々の細菌の違いが,マクロファージの反応を変化させ,感染の結果に影響を及ぼすことを明らかにしました.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 微生物学
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- 免疫細胞と細菌の相互作用が 感染症の進行を決定します
- 集団レベルでの研究は,宿主に対する細胞間での重要な変化を隠しています.
- この変異を理解することは 感染のダイナミクスを解明する鍵です
研究 の 目的:
- 異なる感染結果の根底にある遺伝子発現の変異を調査する.
- 感染フェノタイプを単細胞レベルでモニターする.
- バクテリアの異質性を宿主免疫応答の変動性と関連付ける.
主な方法:
- 単細胞RNAシーケンシング (scRNA-seq) と光マーカーを組み合わせた実験システムを開発した.
- 侵入したサルモネラ菌に対する個々のマクロファージの反応を検知した.
- 単細胞レベルでの遺伝子発現とバクテリアの因子活性を分析した.
主要な成果:
- ホスト細胞の反応の変動は,異質な細菌因子の活動によって引き起こされる.
- サルモネラにおけるPhoPQの変数はリポポリサカリド (LPS) を変化させる.
- このバクテリアの改変により,多様な宿主タイプIインターフェロン反応が生じます.
結論:
- 宿主と細菌の変異性との因果関係が示された.
- 細菌の細胞間での変化は 宿主の免疫反応を 大きく変化させる可能性があります
- コバリエーションは,宿主-病原体ダイナミクスに重大な影響を及ぼします.
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