メラトニンは,多発性硬化症 の 再発 の 季節性 に 寄与 する
Mauricio F Farez1, Ivan D Mascanfroni2, Santiago P Méndez-Huergo3
1Center for Research on Neuroimmunological Diseases (CIEN), Raúl Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina.
Cell
|September 12, 2015
まとめ
メラトニンは夜間の長さに 影響するホルモンで 多発性硬化症 (MS) の活動を 減少させる可能性があります メラトニン治療は実験的なMSを改善し,T細胞の分化に影響を与え,この自己免疫疾患に対する潜在的な治療の洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- 神経免疫学
- 内分泌学
- 自己免疫疾患
背景:
- 多発性硬化症 (MS) は 病気の活動に季節的な変化を示し 環境の影響を示唆しています
- メラトニンの生成は,光周期 (夜の長さ) の季節的変化によって制御される.
研究 の 目的:
- メラトニン濃度と多発性硬化症の活動との関連を調べる
- 実験的な自己免疫性脳髄炎 (EAE) のメラトニンの治療の可能性と,T細胞の分化に対する効果を調査する.
主な方法:
- 人間におけるメラトニン濃度とMSの相関分析
- MS (EAE) の実験モデルにおけるメラトニン治療
- ヒトとマウスのT細胞の分化に対するメラトニンのインビトロ分析,遺伝子発現 (Nfil3) とシグナル伝達経路 (Erk1/2,ROR-α) を含む.
主要な成果:
- ヒトのメラトニンのレベルは,MS疾患の活動と負の相関関係があります.
- メラトニン治療はEAEモデルで疾患の重症度を改善した.
- メラトニンは,Nfil3発現を誘導することで,病原性Th17細胞の分化を抑制した.
- メラトニンは,Erk1/ 2とROR-α媒介型IL-10プロモーターのトランスアクティベーションにより,保護性Tr1細胞生成を促進した.
結論:
- メラトニンはT細胞の分化に影響を与え,自己免疫疾患の病原性に影響を与えます.
- メラトニンのような環境要因は 多発性硬化症に関連する免疫反応を調節します
- メラトニンは,MSのような自己免疫疾患の管理のための潜在的な治療目標です.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:19Management of Insomnia
781
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
781
02:45Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses
42.1K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
42.1K
01:07Narcolepsy
774
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
774
01:02The Pineal Gland
7.6K
The pineal gland, a diminutive endocrine structure named for its pinecone-shaped appearance, is situated atop the third ventricle within the diencephalon region of the forebrain. This gland, composed of secretory cells known as pinealocytes arranged in compact cords and clusters around dense particles of calcium salts, plays a pivotal role in hormonal regulation.
The primary secretion of the pineal gland is the hormone melatonin, derived from serotonin. The concentration of melatonin in the...
The primary secretion of the pineal gland is the hormone melatonin, derived from serotonin. The concentration of melatonin in the...
7.6K
01:17Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents
865
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
865
01:15REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
2.5K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
RBD is significantly associated with...
2.5K