ブロンキオ炎 (BIDS) の乳児における酸素飽和度の目標値: ダブルブラインド,ランダム化,同値試験
Steve Cunningham1, Aryelly Rodriguez2, Tim Adams3
1Department of Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 19, 2015
まとめ
酸素飽和度の低い目標値である90%は,支氣管炎の乳児にとって安全で有効である. この発見は,小児下呼吸道感染症の管理に関する現在のガイドラインを裏付けています.
科学分野:
- 小児重症治療薬
- 呼吸器薬
- 臨床試験の方法論
背景:
- 現行のガイドラインでは, bronchiolitis を患っている乳児の酸素飽和度が90%という許容的な低血圧目標値を推奨しています.
- この90%の値を支持する証拠は不足している.
- この研究は,ウイルス性支氣管炎の入院乳児における酸素補給の目標値90%以上と目標値94%以上を比較することを目的とした.
研究 の 目的:
- ウイルス性支氣管炎で入院した乳児の酸素飽和度の目標値が90%以上であるかどうかを判断する.
- 低酸素飽和値の安全性と臨床的効果を評価する.
主な方法:
- イギリスの8つの小児病院で,並列グループ,ランダム化,対等性試験 (小児退院の支氣管炎研究 (BIDS)) が実施された.
- 6週から12ヶ月の乳児は,医師によって診断された支氣管炎で,ランダムに標準的な酸素測定器 (ターゲット SpO2 < 94%) または改造された酸素測定器 (ターゲット SpO2 < 90%) を割り当てられました.
- 主なアウトカムは,咳の解消までの時間であり,同等性は±2日の差として定義された.
主要な成果:
- 合計615人の乳児がランダムに分けられた (308人が標準型,307人が改変型).
- 咳の解消までの平均時間は,両方のグループで15. 0日であり,酸素飽和目標の間の同値を示した.
- 重篤な有害事象と臨床結果 (例えば,高依存性ユニット移転,再入院) は,グループ間で有意に異なっていなかった.
結論:
- 90%以上の酸素飽和値を用いた bronchiolitis の乳児の治療は,安全性と臨床的有効性において 94%以上の目標値と同等である.
- 急性呼吸器感染症の高齢の子供,特に資源の限られた環境での最適な酸素飽和度を調査するために,さらなる研究が推奨されています.
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