喘息の危険因子:予防は可能か

Richard Beasley¹, Alex Semprini¹, Edwin A Mitchell²

¹Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.

Lancet (London, England)

|September 19, 2015

まとめ

喘息は世界的な健康問題であり,その流行は増加しています. 慢性呼吸器疾患の世界的な負担を軽減するための効果的な第一予防戦略の開発には,原因要因に関するさらなる研究が不可欠です.

科学分野:

公衆衛生
流行病学について
呼吸器医学

背景:

喘息は世界的に蔓延する病気で病気の負担は大きいのです
喘息の死亡率は減少していますが罹患率の上昇が全体の負担を押し上げています
喘息の発症率の上昇の根本的な原因はほとんど解明されていないため, 予防の取り組みを阻害しています.

研究の目的:

喘息の原因をよりよく理解する必要性を強調するためです
新しい予防戦略と研究方法論の開発の必要性を強調する.
肺と一般の健康を改善するための臨時公衆衛生対策を指導する.

主な方法:

喘息の危険因子に関する既存の文献と第一予防の研究のレビュー
観察研究による因果関係を立証する課題の分析
主要予防介入のランダム化制御試験からの証拠の評価.

主要な成果:

報告された多くの喘息の危険因子の因果関係は,観察データから確立することが困難である.
既存のプライマリ予防戦略には,広範な臨床実施のための十分な証拠がない.
現状の理解は,標的型の一次予防措置の開発を制限しています.

結論:

効果的な公衆衛生と薬学的な予防には喘息の病因を深く理解することが不可欠です
リスク要因を特定し,予防戦略を策定するための革新的なアプローチが必要です.
暫定的な公衆衛生の取り組みは,一般的な健康と呼吸器の健康を促進する確立された措置に焦点を当てるべきです.

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