注意欠陥多動性障害
1Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Section, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 21, 2015
まとめ
注意欠陥多動性障害 (ADHD) は,子供における一般的な神経発達障害であり,しばしば段階的な治療方法が必要です. 薬効薬は短期的な効果を示していますが 薬効薬以外の介入は 効果が証明されていません
科学分野:
- 神経発達障害
- 子どもの精神科
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 注意欠陥多動性障害 (ADHD) は,幼児期に発症する一般的な神経発達障害で,子供の1. 4- 3. 0%に影響します.
- ADHDは他の神経発達障害や精神疾患と 重要な併発性を表しています
- ADHDの病因は多因性であり,遺伝的および非遺伝的要因を含み,産前および産周の影響が関与しているが,決定的に証明されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- ADHDの流行,リスク要因,治療ガイドラインを含む,現在の理解をレビューする.
- ADHDに対する薬理学的および非薬理学的介入の有効性を評価する.
- ADHDに伴う長期的な結果を 強調するためです
主な方法:
- ランダム化制御試験とメタ解析を含む既存の文献のレビュー.
- 成人期にわたってADHDを患った人を追跡した研究を検証した.
- 治療ガイドラインと勧告の分析
主要な成果:
- 刺激薬とアトモクセチンはADHDの治療において短期的な効果を示しています
- ADHDに対する非薬物介入のメタアナリシスは,まだその有効性を確立していません.
- 長期的な研究ではADHDの成人の精神的健康問題,社会的困難,早死のリスクが増加していることが示されています.
結論:
- ADHDは複雑な疾患で 長期的な影響を及ぼします
- 現在の証拠は,刺激薬の短期的な有効性を支持していますが,非薬物治療についてはさらなる調査が必要です.
- 段階的な治療アプローチは,非薬物介入から始まり,ADHD管理に推奨されます.
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