性別特有の人口統計とトリヴァース・ウィラード理論の一般化
Susanne Schindler1, Jean-Michel Gaillard2, André Grüning3
1University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
Nature
|September 22, 2015
まとめ
トライヴァース・ウィラード理論は 母親が条件に基づいて 子孫の性別比率を調整することを予測しています この研究は 性別特有の生涯経歴の特徴が 極めて重要であり 条件に基づく単純な調整は不十分であることを示しています
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 行動エコロジー
- 人口動態
背景:
- トリヴァース・ウィラード理論は,性別特有のフィットネスによる種における子孫の性別比に影響を及ぼすと仮定している.
- トリヴァース・ウィラード理論には,特に性別特有の人口格差に関する限られた実証的根拠がある.
- 現存するモデルでは 死亡率や生殖スケジュール ライフヒストリーの戦術における 性別による重要な違いが しばしば見過ごされています
研究 の 目的:
- 性別特有の生命史の特徴を組み込むことにより,トリバーズ-ウィラード理論を拡張し,一般化します.
- 理論的な予測と観察された子孫の性別比率の間の不一致を説明するために.
- 母親の性別配分戦略における人口格差の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 双性の人口モデルの開発
- 自由に生きる哺乳類の集団からの人口統計データを用いたモデルのパラメータ化.
- 人口統計学における性差異の度合いが異なる集団の分析
主要な成果:
- 生涯における性差は 性別配分策の多様性を生み出します
- 母親の状態と子孫の性別比率の間の単純な相関は,適応的調整を確認するには不十分です.
- モデルアウトプットは,人口統計と性比の進化の間の複雑な相互作用を示しています.
結論:
- 適応性のある子孫の性別比率の調整の唯一の要因は 母親の状態だけではありません.
- 正確な進化モデリングには 性別別別別の包括的な人口統計データを取り入れることが不可欠です
- トリヴァース・ウィラード理論は,多妻性種における性特異的な生命史の変異を考慮するために精細化する必要があります.
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