脊髄損傷後の回復中の運動制御におけるアキュンベンス核の機能
Masahiro Sawada1, Kenji Kato2, Takeharu Kunieda3
1Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 3, 2015
まとめ
脊髄損傷からの回復過程で 指の動きを直接制御する神経核 (NAc) です センサーモーター皮質 (SMC) の活動を向上させ,運動機能を回復させます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- モーター制御
- 脊髄損傷の回復
背景:
- 神経損傷の回復には 動機付けが不可欠ですが その背後にあるメカニズムは まだ不明です
- 中核アクンベンスは,直接的な運動制御ではなく,伝統的に動機付けられた行動を制御していると考えられています.
- 脊髄損傷 (SCI) は運動機能を低下させ,回復メカニズムの研究が必要になります.
研究 の 目的:
- 頸椎脊髄損傷後の細部運動能力の回復における核アクンベンスの役割を調査する.
- SCI回復中にNAcが運動制御に影響を与える神経経路とメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- SCI後のマカクの神経活動フローをNAcから感覚運動皮質 (SMC) に追跡するために因果関係分析が使用されました.
- 早期回復期にNAcの可逆薬学的不活性化が行われました.
- SMCにおける高周波振動活動と指の手技は,NAcの不活性化とリハビリテーションの前と後に評価された.
主要な成果:
- 原因分析は,手足の動きの回復中にNAcからSMCへの重要な活動フローを明らかにしました.
- NAcの薬理学的不活性化により,SMCの高周波振動活動が低下した.
- NAcの不活性化により,リハビリテーションによって達成された指の利口性の改善に一時的な欠陥が生じました.
結論:
- 脊髄損傷後の指の動きを制御する直接的な役割を担っています.
- SCIの回復の間,NAcは感覚運動皮質 (SMC) の高周波活動を調節し,運動機能の回復を促進します.
- これらの発見はNAcの伝統的見解に異議を唱え 神経修復過程における運動制御への関与を強調しています
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