標的型次世代DNAシーケンシングを用いた鳥類の総合的な系統遺伝

Richard O Prum^1,2, Jacob S Berv³, Alex Dornburg^1,2,4

¹Department of Ecology &Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.

Nature

|October 8, 2015

まとめ

この研究は,198種の鳥の広範なゲノムデータを用いてネオアベスの鳥類の系統を再構築しています. 5つの主要なクラデを明らかにし,クレタセウス-パラエオゲン絶滅後の主要な鳥の放射を支えている.

科学分野:

進化生物学
ゲノミクス
体系的な研究

背景:

ネオアベスの進化史は,現在生息するほとんどの鳥類を含み,鳥類の系統学における重要な課題である.
これまでの系統遺伝学の研究は,さまざまな結果をもたらし,大規模なデータによる包括的な分析が必要でした.

研究の目的:

大規模なゲノムデータセットを用いてネオアベスの系統を解明する.
主要な鳥類の系統間の関係を調査し,以前に提案されたクラードをテストする.

主な方法:

198種の鳥と2つのワニ外群のゲノム配列データを分析した.
結合したハイブリッド濃縮法で,合計 7.8 x 10 ^ 7 の塩基から 259 の核の位置からデータを収集した.
ベイジアン分析と最大確率の遺伝分析が行われました.

主要な成果:

すべての主要な鳥類の系統に高度に支持され,一致する系統樹が生成されました.
5つの異なるクラードは,ネオアベスの残りの部分に続く姉妹グループとして識別された.
以前提案されたネオアビアン群 (コロンベア群とパセレア群) は,単種群として支持されなかった.

結論:

この研究はネオアベスの堅実な系統形成を証明し進化論の長年の疑問を解決するものです
この発見は白亜紀・古亜紀の大量絶滅の後に鳥の放射能が有意に発生したことを示唆している.
特定されたクラードは鳥類の進化を理解するための新しい枠組みを提供する.

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