急性感染症の微生物に依存した後遺症は,組織特有の免疫を損なう
Denise Morais da Fonseca1, Timothy W Hand2, Seong-Ji Han2
1Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIAID/NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Immunity at Barrier Sites Initiative, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil.
Cell
|October 10, 2015
まとめ
単一の感染は免疫系の伝達を妨害し,長期的に粘膜免疫と組織炎症を引き起こす可能性があります. 腸内微生物群の回復は 感染後の免疫機能の回復に役立ちます
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 微生物学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 感染症は炎症性疾患を誘発すると疑われるが,慢性疾患の発症との関連は不明である.
- 急性感染症が長期的な組織免疫に どう影響するかを理解することは 慢性疾患の研究に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 組織特有の免疫に対する 単一の急性感染症の長期的な影響を調査する.
- 感染による炎症が免疫細胞の移動と機能を乱すメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- マウスでのYersinia pseudotuberculosis感染モデルの研究
- 先進的なイメージング技術を使って dendritic 細胞の移動パターンを分析する.
- 感染後の粘膜免疫機能と微生物群の構成を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 急性Yersinia pseudotuberculosis感染は,中腸脂肪組織に持続的な炎症とリンパ漏れを引き起こしました.
- 移動する dendritic 細胞は脂肪組織に誘導され,中枢リンパ節の蓄積を損なった.
- 耐性や保護性免疫などの粘膜の免疫機能に 持続的な妥協をもたらした.
- 感染後の炎症は微生物群の信号が維持されたが,一時的な消去により 粘膜の免疫が回復した.
結論:
- 急性感染症は 組織と免疫系のコミュニケーションに 持続的な障害をもたらします
- この障害は組織の恒常性と 免疫を長期的に損なう.
- 細菌群をターゲットにすることで 感染後の免疫機能を回復する 治療戦略が提供されるかもしれません
関連する概念動画
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
14.6K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
14.6K
Development of Human Microbiota
34
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
34
Functions of the Gut Microbiota
46
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
46
Introduction to the Human Microbiota
68
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
68
The Oral Microbiota
38
The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
38
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
86.4K
Overview
86.4K


