中国南部の最古の現代人
Wu Liu1, María Martinón-Torres2,3,4, Yan-jun Cai5
1Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.
Nature
|October 16, 2015
まとめ
中国ダオシアンで発見された 化石の歯は ホモ・サピエンスが 8万年以上前に アジアに存在していたことを明らかにしています この発見は 人類の移住と進化に関する 現存するタイムラインに 異議を唱えます
科学分野:
- 古人類学
- 人間 の 進化
- 考古学
背景:
- 南アジアにおける初期のプレイストセンのホミニン化石記録は稀で,年代がよく知られた4万5千年以上前のホモ・サピエンス化石が限られている.
- 初期の人類の拡散経路と 解剖学的に現代人の出現を理解することは 人間の進化研究にとって極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 中国南部の初期のホモ・サピエンスについて 新しい化石の証拠を提示するためです
- 古代ヒトの年齢と形質を 調べるためだ
- 初期の人類の分散と地域の人口動態への影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 中国南部のダオシアンにあるフヤン洞窟の発掘
- 47本のヒトの歯の年代測定は 既知の年代測定法を使って行われています
- 種の識別と比較のための化石の歯の形態学的およびメトリック評価.
主要な成果:
- ホミニンの歯47本が発見され,その年代は8万年以上 (推定年齢は最大120万年) とされています.
- 形状学的な分析では 歯はホモ・サピエンスのものであることが明らかです
- ダオクスのホモ・サピエンスには,レヴァントやヨーロッパより早く現れた形状が表れている.
結論:
- 完全に現代的な人間の形態は,以前考えられていたよりもかなり早く,中国南部に存在していました.
- この発見は南アジアにおけるホモ・サピエンスの存在に関する 重要なギャップを埋めました
- データは,中国南部がより多くの派生集団をホストし,人間の分散とヨーロッパの植民地化のモデルに影響を与えたことを示唆しています.
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