ループホールなしのベル不等式は,電子のスピンを1.3キロで隔てている
B Hensen1,2, H Bernien1,2, A E Dréau1,2
1QuTech, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands.
Nature
|October 28, 2015
まとめ
この実験はベルのテストの抜け穴をすべて埋めて 絡み合った電子のスピンで 局所的リアリズムに直接挑戦します 結果は,局所現実主義理論よりも量子力学を支持する,ベルの不平等の統計的に有意な違反を示しています.
科学分野:
- 量子物理学
- 量子力学の基礎
背景:
- ジョン・ベルの定理は,ローカルリアリスト理論は全ての量子力学の予測を複製できないことを示している.
- 以前のベル・テストは仮定に基づいていて 局所的なリアリズムが利用できる"抜け穴"を残していた.
- これらの抜け穴を埋めるのは 局所的リアリズムの有効性を 直接的に検証するために不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- ベルの不等式を直接探査する,追加の仮定から解放されたベルテストを実行する.
- 実験データを用いて統計的に有意な矛盾を現す.
- 機器に依存しない量子技術の導入を推進する.
主な方法:
- 遠くの電子の回転を強固に絡めるためのイベント準備スキームを使用しました.
- 公平なサンプリング (検出) の抜け穴を回避するために効率的なスピン読み出しを使用しました.
- 快速なランダムな選択と1.3kmの空間的な分離によって地域条件を保証します.
主要な成果:
- 絡み合った電子スピンの推定状態精度は0.92 ± 0.03に達した.
- 245件の試験で,S = 2. 42 ± 0. 20のCHSH- Bell不等式の違反が観察されました.
- 観測された違反を,メモリ効果でも説明するために,局所現実的モデルでP ≤ 0.039の確率を計算した.
結論:
- 実験データは,局所現実主義的仮説に対する統計的に有意な証拠を提供します.
- この発見は量子論の予測と 絡み合いの非古典的な性質を 強化しています
- 装置独立の量子通信とランダム性認証の道を開く.
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