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単一の場所での性依存的優位性は,成熟時にの年齢の変動を維持する
Nicola J Barson1, Tutku Aykanat2, Kjetil Hindar3
1Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
Nature
|November 5, 2015
まとめ
研究者らは大西洋サーモンの VGLL3 遺伝子を特定し,その性依存的優位性が成熟のタイミングに関する性的な葛藤をどのように解決するか示しました. この発見は 遺伝的多様性の維持と 漁獲魚群の管理を助けます
科学分野:
- 進化の遺伝学
- 性的な紛争の解決
- 集団遺伝学
背景:
- 性別の対立によって 性別の選択が異なることが 衝突を解決する遺伝的構造の進化を促します
- 性的に敵対的な特徴の根底にある特定の遺伝的位置を特定することは,ゲノム進化を理解し,遺伝的多様性を維持するために不可欠です.
- 大西洋サロン (Salmo salar) の成熟時の年齢は,メスとオスの選択圧力が対極にある重要な健康特質です.
研究 の 目的:
- アトランティック・サーモンの成熟年齢を制御する遺伝的位置を特定する.
- 性別依存の優位性の役割を調査する 内性紛争の解決
- この遺伝的メカニズムが 野生の集団の適応的多様性を 維持する方法を理解する
主な方法:
- 57の野生の大西洋サーモンの単一ヌクレオチドポリモルフィズムデータを利用した.
- 候補遺伝子を特定するために全ゲノム再配列を解析した.
- 定量的な特質ロカス (QTL) 分析を行い,遺伝的ロカスを特定した.
主要な成果:
- 成熟時の年齢を制御する大きな効果の場所として,遺跡のような家族3基因 (VGLL3) を特定した.
- VGLL3は性依存の優位性を示し,雄の早期成熟と雌の遅い成熟を促進する.
- この位置は成熟時の年齢の現象的変化の39%を説明し,典型的には多種性と考えられる特性の重要な発見である.
結論:
- VGLL3は,それぞれの性別内のフェノタイプを最適化することによって,性的紛争を解決する支配的逆転の最初の経験的例を提供します.
- このメカニズムは,広範囲の地理的スケールで生殖戦略の適応的な変化を維持するのに寄与する.
- この発見は,成熟のタイミングが変化している漁獲魚群の管理に影響を及ぼします.
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