オーストラリア は 経済 成長 と 環境 圧力 の 減少 を"自由 に 選べる"
Steve Hatfield-Dodds1, Heinz Schandl1, Philip D Adams2
1CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
Nature
|November 6, 2015
まとめ
経済成長は環境被害から切り離すことができますが 政策改革と技術的なインセンティブが必要です オーストラリアの持続的な繁栄は 意図的な政策選択によって達成可能であり 自動的な技術的修正や 価値の転換によって達成できません
科学分野:
- 環境経済学
- 環境科学
- 持続可能な開発
背景:
- 何世紀にも渡る 経済成長は 生態系に大きな圧力をかけています
- 経済発展と環境の持続可能性の調和については,技術的な楽観主義,政策改革,社会的価値の転換など,異なる見解がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 人口増加と生活水準の上昇に伴い 増大する生態学的圧力を 逆転させられるか調べるためでした
- 経済的成果と環境的成果の分離の可能性を分析する.
主な方法:
- エネルギー・水・食料の統合分析
- 農村の土地利用,生物多様性,物流,気候変動の影響の評価
- 異なる政策と社会的な前提下での環境パフォーマンスを予測するためのシナリオモデリング
主要な成果:
- 経済成長はあらゆるシナリオで強くなると予測されています.
- 環境性能は大きく変化し,2050年までに圧力が大きく上昇し,安定し,または著しく減少する可能性があります.
- 経済成長と環境圧力の分離は可能ですが,自動的ではありませんし,価値の移転にのみ依存するものではありません.
結論:
- 現在の政策の拡張,技術の活用,圧力の軽減のためのインセンティブは,環境パフォーマンスの主要な原動力です.
- オーストラリアは戦略的政策の実施を通じて持続可能な繁栄を達成できます.
- 経済発展と並行して環境の改善には 積極的な政策選択が不可欠です
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