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関連する概念動画

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

7.9K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.9K
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

4.7K
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
4.7K
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

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2.6K
Meiosis II02:02

Meiosis II

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Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
51.6K
Meiosis II01:57

Meiosis II

210.5K
Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...
210.5K
Attachment of Sister Chromatids02:57

Attachment of Sister Chromatids

4.2K
As cells progress into mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the condensed chromosomes are exposed to the array of bipolar microtubules of the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore, a large, disc-shaped protein complex, is present at the centromere region of the sister chromatids and acts as a binding site for the microtubules.  Usually, the plus-end of a single microtubule is embedded within the kinetochore. However, some kinetochores first establish lateral contact with the side-wall...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis
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Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis

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ヒストンは染色体分離を直接示す

Vincenzo Pirrotta1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

Cell
|November 7, 2015
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

胚性幹細胞は不対称な分裂によって自己再生を保証する. このプロセスは,異なるヒストンのマークを持つゲノムコピーを分割し,古いヒストンを幹細胞に,新しいヒストンを分化細胞に導きます.

さらに関連する動画

Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
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Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP of Histone Modifications from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP of Histone Modifications from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis
06:39

Live Cell Imaging of Chromosome Segregation During Mitosis

Published on: March 14, 2018

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Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae
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Use of Time-Lapse Microscopy and Stage-Specific Nuclear Depletion of Proteins to Study Meiosis in S. cerevisiae

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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP of Histone Modifications from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP of Histone Modifications from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • 発達生物学
  • 遺伝学

背景:

  • 細菌系幹細胞は 生物の発達と繁殖に不可欠です
  • 非対称な細胞分裂は幹細胞の自己再生と分化のための基本的メカニズムです.
  • ヒストンの遺伝パターンは 細胞のアイデンティティを維持する役割を果たします

研究 の 目的:

  • 胚性幹細胞における非対称な細胞分裂の背後にある分子メカニズムを解明する.
  • 幹細胞分裂時にゲノムコピーがどのように分離されるかを調査する.
  • ヒストンの遺伝が子細胞の運命を決定する役割を理解する.

主な方法:

  • 細胞分裂のダイナミクスを観察するために 先進的な顕微鏡技術を使用しました
  • ヒストンの分布を追跡するために遺伝的および表遺伝的分析を使用した.
  • ゲノム分離パターンを解析した.

主要な成果:

  • 胚性幹細胞分裂中の 2 つの重要な非対称現象を特定した.
  • 古い,マークされたヒストンの自己再生の娘細胞への優越的分離が示されました.
  • 新しく合成された未標記ヒストンの ゲノムコピーを受け取っていることが示されました

結論:

  • 非対称なヒストンの分割は幹細胞の運命を制御する重要なメカニズムです.
  • 微分ヒストンの遺伝は幹細胞の自己再生と祖先の微分を保証する.
  • この研究は,幹細胞分裂の表遺伝的調節に関する新しい洞察を提供します.