腸血管障壁は,細菌の全身的拡散を制御する
Ilaria Spadoni1, Elena Zagato1, Alice Bertocchi1
1Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 14, 2015
まとめ
研究者達は腸血管障壁 (GVB) を発見し 腸内微生物が血流に侵入するのを防ぎました この障壁は
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科
- 免疫学
- 微生物学
背景:
- 腸内微生物群は通常 腸の光に限られています
- 病原菌は全身部位に転移し 免疫反応を引き起こします
- 腸の区画化を維持するメカニズムは完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸からの微生物の転移を制御するバリアを特定する
- 病原菌がバリアに浸透するメカニズムを解明する.
- 肝臓の損傷における 障壁の役割を調べる
主な方法:
- マウスとヒトにおける腸血管障壁 (GVB) の特定
- サルモネラ・タイフィムリウムによる侵入メカニズムの分析
- 乳がん患者におけるGVBの整合性の評価
主要な成果:
- 新しい腸血管障壁 (GVB) が特定され,抗原と微生物の循環への侵入を調節する.
- サルモネラ・タイフィムリウムは,そのタイプIIIの分泌システムと,ベータ-カテニンの信号伝達を減少させ,GVBを破ります.
- GVBの変化は,肝臓病患者のトランスアミナーゼ値上昇と相関しており,肝臓損傷の役割を示唆しています.
結論:
- 腸血管障壁 (GVB) は,腸の区画化を維持するために不可欠です.
- 病原体の毒性因子と宿主細胞の信号伝達経路は,GVBの完全性に影響する.
- GVBの機能不全は肝炎のような疾患において肝臓病理に寄与し,腸肝軸に新たな治療標的を提供している.
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