統合された視覚システムを持つキトン生物鉱物化装甲の多機能性

Ling Li¹, Matthew J Connors², Mathias Kolle³

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA. John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 21, 2015

まとめ

独特のアラゴニットレンズで光の散乱を最小限に抑える機械的な強度が低下し,目の複雑性が増加したにもかかわらず,キトンは,共最適化された光学および構造機能を達成するために補償します.

科学分野:

バイオミネラル化
材料科学
進化生物学

背景:

自然界では多機能性のある素材で矛盾する機能のトレードオフを提示しています
生物鉱物化装甲はアラゴニット製のレンズで感覚システムを統合しています

研究の目的:

チトン・アラゴニットレンズの光学能力を調べるため
チトンの装甲の機械的性質を分析する
光学および構造機能を共最適化するためにA. granulataが採用した戦略を理解する.

主な方法:

顕微鏡レンズによる画像形成を評価するために光学実験が行われました.
装甲の性能を評価するために多層面の機械テストが行われました.
多結晶レンズの結晶学的な配列と粒子の大きさの分析.

主要な成果:

微小なアラゴニットレンズは画像を形成します
大きく結晶学的に並べられた粒子はレンズ内の光の散乱を最小限にします
感覚要素のサイズ,複雑さ,機能の増大は,の局所的な機械性能の低下と相関する.

結論:

A. granulataは,機械的な脆弱性を軽減するための補償戦略を開発しました.
チトンの装甲は多目的のシステムで光学と構造の機能を兼ね備えています
この研究は構造材料に矛盾する機能的要求を統合するための自然の解決策を強調しています

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