土壌の生物多様性と人間の健康

Diana H Wall¹, Uffe N Nielsen², Johan Six³

¹School of Global Environmental Sustainability and Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1036, USA.

Nature

|November 24, 2015

まとめ

土壌の生物多様性は病原体を抑制し重要な資源を提供することで人間の健康を支えています持続可能な管理によって地下にある重要なコミュニティを維持し回復させることで福祉を向上させることができます

科学分野:

環境科学
土壌生態学
人間の健康

背景:

土壌の生物多様性は,病気の抑制,清潔な空気,水,食料の提供など,人間の健康に有益な生態系サービスに不可欠です.
土地の不適切な管理と環境変化による地球規模の土壌の生物多様性の減少はこれらの基本的サービスを脅かしています
現在の理解では,土壌の生物多様性を維持し,回復するための持続可能な実践の可能性を強調しています.

研究の目的:

土壌の生物多様性と人間の健康上の利益との関係を強調する.
土地管理の慣行や環境変化が土壌生態系に与える悪影響を強調する.
持続可能な土壌管理が人間の福祉に与える可能性を強調する.

主な方法:

土壌の生物多様性とその生態系サービスに関する現在の研究のレビュー
地下コミュニティに対する土地管理の実践と環境変化の影響を分析する.
土壌の生物多様性を回復するための持続可能な管理の可能性に関する調査結果のまとめ

主要な成果:

土壌の生物多様性は人間の健康に重要な利点をもたらします
土地の悪質な管理と環境の変化が土壌の生物多様性の大幅な減少を引き起こしています
持続可能な管理戦略は,土壌の生物多様性を維持し,回復するための実行可能な経路を提供します.

結論:

土壌の生物多様性を保護し強化することは,人間の健康を守る上で極めて重要です.
改善され,生態学的に複雑な土壌管理は,公衆衛生のために十分に活用されていない資源を表しています.
持続可能な土地管理は,土壌の生態系から得られる恩恵を保つのに不可欠です.

さらに関連する動画

08:16

Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity

Published on: March 13, 2014

19.5K

09:55

Exploring the Root Microbiome: Extracting Bacterial Community Data from the Soil, Rhizosphere, and Root Endosphere

Published on: May 2, 2018

28.5K

関連する概念動画

02:23

The Soil Ecosystem

25.7K

Plants obtain inorganic minerals and water from the soil, which acts as a natural medium for land plants. The composition and quality of soil depend not only on the chemical constituents but also on the presence of living organisms. In general, soils contain three major components:

25.7K

01:29

Soil Microbial Ecology

Soil microbial ecology is defined by highly diverse, spatially structured communities that drive nutrient cycling, organic matter turnover, and overall ecosystem stability. Although a gram of soil can contain thousands of bacterial and archaeal taxa, the ecological processes they mediate are even more crucial for sustaining terrestrial life.Microhabitats and NichesSoil is a heterogeneous mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. Microbes inhabit distinct microhabitats formed by...

01:24

Biodiversity and Human Values

17.7K

Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.

17.7K

02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

48.7K

Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.

48.7K

01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...

01:50

Threats to Biodiversity

27.8K

There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...