亜熱帯北太平洋におけるプランクトン体制の変化

Kelton W McMahon¹, Matthew D McCarthy², Owen A Sherwood³

¹Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. Institute for Marine Sciences, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 28, 2015

まとめ

海洋植物プランクトン群は過去千年にわたって変化し最近の変化は二酸化炭素の上昇を緩和する可能性がありますこの研究は気候変化に関連した異なるプランクトン様子を明らかにしています

科学分野:

古代海洋学
海洋生態学
気候科学

背景:

気候変動は海洋生態系に影響し植物プランクトンや海洋の生産性生物地球化学生物ポンプに影響します
過去のプランクトンの動態を理解することは将来の気候変化に対する生態系の反応を予測するのに極めて重要です

研究の目的:

北太平洋の海洋プランクトンの構成を高解像度で再構築する
プランクトン体制の変化と北半球の気候期間との相関を特定する.

主な方法:

長寿の深海サンゴに保存されたアミノ酸特異の δ(13) C レコードを使用した.
プランクトン群の組成の変化を過去1000年にわたって分析した.

主要な成果:

中世の気候異常,小さな氷河期,工業化時代に対応する3つの異なるプランクトン体制を特定した.
小さな氷河期において,窒素を固定しないサイアノバクテリアの優位性から真核微藻への変化を観察した.
工業化時代には前例のない窒素固定サイアノバクテリアの増殖を記録した.

結論:

過去のプランクトン群の構成は気候変動によって大きく変化しました
最近,窒素を固定するサイアノバクテリアへの移行は,大気中の二酸化炭素濃度の上昇に負のフィードバックメカニズムを表す可能性があります.

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