腸内微生物群は 寒冷時のエネルギー・ホメオスタシスを調整する
Claire Chevalier1, Ozren Stojanović1, Didier J Colin2
1Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Cell
|December 7, 2015
まとめ
腸内微生物の形を変え インスリン感受性を高め 脂肪の茶色化を促進します この"寒い微生物群"は 栄養素の吸収を増加させ 寒い環境で エネルギーバランスを維持します
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- ホストと微生物群の相互作用
- 代謝生理学
背景:
- 宿主の生理は共進化により 微生物群の構成と密接に結びついています
- 温度などの環境要因が 腸内微生物群に大きく影響します
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物の組成に対する寒さへの影響を調査する.
- 寒さによる微生物群の変化が宿主生理,特にエネルギーホメオスタシスに及ぼす機能的影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- 寒さに晒されたマウス
- 細菌のないマウスの糞の微生物移植
- インスリン感受性および脂肪の茶色化を含む宿主の代謝パラメータの評価.
- 腸の形状と遺伝子発現の分析
- Akkermansia muciniphilaのような特定の細菌株の役割を調査しています
主要な成果:
- 寒さへの曝露は,固有の腸内微生物の組成 ("寒い微生物群") を誘発する.
- "冷たい微生物群"の移植は,インスリン感受性を改善し,白脂肪の茶色化を促進し,エネルギー消費を増加させ,冷たい耐性を促進します.
- 長期にわたる寒さへの曝露は",寒い微生物群"によって伝染する腸の吸収表面積の適応的な増加につながります.
- アッケルマンシア・ムチニフィラは,腸の再編成とアポトーシスに対する"冷たい微生物群"の効果を調節するようです.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群は 寒さのような環境的課題に対応して ホストのエネルギーホメオスタシスを調整する上で 重要な役割を果たします
- 寒さによる微生物群の変化は,代謝効率とエネルギー消費の改善を含む重要な生理学的適応を媒介することができます.
- 寒さに適応した微生物群内の特定の微生物種は,宿主腸の適応とエネルギーバランスを調節する上で明確な役割を持っています.
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