深い炭素沈殿への障壁としてスラブ溶解
Andrew R Thomson1,2, Michael J Walter1, Simon C Kohn1
1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK.
Nature
|January 8, 2016
まとめ
海洋の地殻は 深いカーボンバリアを形成し 直接マントルに循環するのを妨げます このバリアは,マントルの炭素サイクルと,溶融物との反応を通してダイヤモンドの形成に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 地化学
- ミネラロジー
- 地理学
背景:
- 地殻,マントル,大気間の揮発性元素の循環は 惑星の居住可能性にとって極めて重要です
- 海殻の沈殿はマントルの揮発性貯蔵庫を補充し,火山はそれらを表面に放出します.
- 超深層のダイヤモンドには 鉱物含有物があり その起源は海底の地殻に 繋がっていることを示唆しています
研究 の 目的:
- 沈殿した海殻の運命を調査するためです
- マントルの炭素貯蔵庫と ダイヤモンドの誕生への影響を理解するために
- 深層マントルの炭素リサイクルに 潜在的な障壁を特定する
主な方法:
- プレート地熱と融解曲線の地化学モデリング.
- 超深層のダイヤモンドの鉱物含有物の分析
- 溶けたペリドライトの相互作用の熱力学的計算.
主要な成果:
- スラブ地熱は,300〜700kmの深さで炭酸な海殻の融解曲線の沈殿を交差しています.
- これはカーボネートリサイクルを深層マントルに直接送るための障壁を作り出します
- 低度のアルカリ性炭酸塩はマントル・ペリドートと反応し,ダイヤモンドを形成し,超深層のダイヤモンドインクルージョンを説明します.
結論:
- 深い炭素バリアはマントルの炭素リサイクルに大きく影響します
- この障壁は,マントルの化学的および同位体の異質性に寄与する.
- この障壁を理解することは 地球の揮発性サイクルと ダイヤモンドの形成を理解する鍵です
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