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関連する概念動画

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

10.5K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
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IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

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Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
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Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

19.2K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
19.2K
What are Second Messengers?01:12

What are Second Messengers?

92.7K
Because many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic, they do not cross the cell membrane and thus their message must be relayed to a second messenger on the inside. There are several second messenger pathways, each with their own way of relaying information. G-protein coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol path is active when the receptor induces phospholipase C to hydrolyze the phospholipid,...
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Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

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Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
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GPI Anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane01:29

GPI Anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane

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GPI-anchoring is a post-translational, reversible protein modification that is ubiquitous in eukaryotes. Such proteins are primarily present on the exoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane.
GPI-anchor structure
A sequence of 11 enzymatic reactions results in the synthesis of the complete GPI anchor consisting of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion. The hydrophobic portion comprises phosphatidylinositol, while the hydrophilic part comprises polar groups like phosphoethanolamine,...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

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エンドソームからの脱出のためのフォスフォノシチド変換機構

Katharina Ketel1, Michael Krauss1, Anne-Sophie Nicot2

  • 1Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany.

Nature
|January 14, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

細胞膜のアイデンティティはフォスフォノシチドに依存している. この研究では,MTM1がフォスファディチルイノシトール3酸化物 (PI(3) をフォスファディチルイノシトール4酸化物 (PI(4) Pに変換し,欠陥をミオチューブルミオパシーと関連付けていることが明らかになりました.

さらに関連する動画

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

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Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
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Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

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Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • 分子生物学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • フォスフォノシチドは信号伝達と膜伝達を含む細胞の重要な機能を調節する.
  • 特定のフォスファティジノシチドは細胞区間を標識する.フォスファティジノシトール3-フォスファート (PI(3) Pはエンドソームに存在し,フォスファティジノシトール4-フォスファート (PI(4) Pは血に存在する.
  • フォスフォノシチドの制御された変換は,内分体と分泌経路の間の方向性膜輸送に不可欠である.

研究 の 目的:

  • エキソシトーシス経由の内分体積出路におけるフォスホイノシチド変換の分子メカニズムを解明する.
  • この過程におけるフォスファチチドリノシトール3-フォスファタゼMTM1の役割を調査する.
  • フォスフォノシチド変換の欠陥とX関連の中核性筋症の関連性を調べる

主な方法:

  • エンドソームから細胞表面への輸送におけるMTM1の役割を調査した.
  • バイオケミカルアッセイを用いてフォスフォノシチドの動態を分析した.
  • エキゾシスト複合体の内体への誘導を調べた.

主要な成果:

  • エンドソーム積荷の表面配送には,MTM1によるPI(3) P水解が必要です.
  • MTM1に依存するPI(3) Pの除去は,PI4K2α媒介によるPI(4) Pの生成と結合されます.
  • このフォスフォノシチドスイッチは,エクソシスト複合体の募集とエクソシトーシスのための膜融合を促進します.

結論:

  • エキソシトーシス中の内分泌体におけるPI(3) PからPI(4) Pへのフォスホイノシチド変換のメカニズムを確立した.
  • MTM1の機能障害は,この変換を阻害し,エクソサイトーシスの障害を引き起こす.
  • このフォスフォノシチド変換の欠陥は,X関連の中核肌病の根本的な原因として提案されています.