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彗星67P/チュリュモフ・ゲラシメンコの核の露出水氷
G Filacchione1, M C De Sanctis1, F Capaccioni1
1INAF-IAPS, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Rome, Italy.
Nature
|January 14, 2016
まとめ
科学者は彗星67P/チュリュモフ・ゲラシメンコで 落下した破片の中で ミリメートルの大きさの水氷粒を発見しました これらの発見は 進化過程によって 複雑な層が形成されたことを示唆し 必ずしも形成から グローバルな層が形成されたわけではない
科学分野:
- 彗星科学
- 惑星科学
- 天体生物学
背景:
- 水蒸気は彗星67P/チュリュモフ・ゲラシメンコのコマに豊富に存在し,水氷は彗星核の主要な成分です.
- 彗星の表面に露出する水氷地域はめったに観測されず,原子核は通常,脱水,耐火性,有機物質に富んだ物質で覆われています.
研究 の 目的:
- 彗星67P/チュリュモフ・ゲラシメンコの表面の水氷を特定し特徴づけること
- 観測された水氷粒の形成メカニズムと影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 彗星の核の特定の領域で水氷を検出するために 赤外線スペクトロスコーピーを用いた.
- 水氷粒の量と大きさを 定量的に分析した.
主要な成果:
- イムホーテップ地域内の瓦の滝で水氷が発見され,壁やその底部に露出していた.
- ミリメートル程の 純粋な水氷粒が検出されました これは以前より 大きく見えます
- これらの大きな粒子の存在は,氷に富んだ層の蒸気拡散または焼却によって形成されることを示唆しています.
結論:
- 観測された水氷の分布と粒子の大きさは,核の上層部の進化過程を示しています.
- 彗星の核は,氷で豊かな層を覆う脱水した地殻で複雑なコーティングを開発することができます.
- これらの発見は,観測された層構造を説明するために,彗星形成の時間からの地球層の必要性に異議を唱える.
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