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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

14.8K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
14.8K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

4.0K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.0K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

6.4K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
6.4K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

9.4K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
9.4K
Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

32.1K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
32.1K

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

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調節可能なグラフェンの水素化に関する基本的な洞察

Ricarda A Schäfer1, Daniela Dasler1, Udo Mundloch1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Joint Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 16, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は,グラファイトインターケレーション化合物から水素化およびデュテラ化グラフェン合成を調査した. 水素源,グラフィート型,溶媒などの重要な要因は,単層および数層のグラフェン材料の生産に影響を与えます.

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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 化学について
  • ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • カリウムのインターケレーション化合物は,グラフェンの機能化の前駆体として機能する.
  • 水素化とデュテレーションは,グラフェンの性質を変更するために重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 石墨の深層水素化とデュテレーションを,カリウムインターキャレーション化合物を使って調査する.
  • 水素化およびデュテラ化グラフェン製品を特徴付ける.
  • 合成結果に影響を与える重要な要因を特定する.

主な方法:

  • カリウムグラフィートのインターカラ化化合物から水素化およびデウテラ化グラフェンの合成.
  • 質量スペクトロメトリー (TG-MS) と組み合わせた熱重量測定法による特徴付け.
  • 統計的ラーマン光譜法 (SRS) と統計的ラーマン顕微鏡法 (SRM) による分析

主要な成果:

  • 反応結果は,水素/デウテリウム源,グラフィートの性質,カリウム濃度,および溶媒の選択によって著しく影響を受けます.
  • 単層と少層の水素化/デュテラ化グラフェンの生産が成功しました.
  • 詳細な特徴は合成材料の構造と組成を確認した.

結論:

  • 水素化されたグラフェンの合成は,異なる反応パラメータによって制御できます.
  • この方法は様々な用途に合わせた グラフェン材料への道を開きます
  • これらのパラメータを理解することは,機能化されたグラフェンのスケーラブルな生産に不可欠です.