酵母における糖分特化トレードオフの多遺伝子進化
Jeremy I Roop1, Kyu Chul Chang2,3, Rachel B Brem1,3
1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Nature
|February 11, 2016
まとめ
進化の遺伝学では 複雑な特徴は 複数の変異によって生じる 研究者らは,複雑な代謝トレードオフを制御する酵母における特定のギャラクトース (GAL) 遺伝子を特定し,多様な種における遺伝子マッピングの実現可能性を実証した.
科学分野:
- 進化の遺伝学
- 分子生物学
- 酵母遺伝学
背景:
- 新しい特徴は多数のゲノム突然変異によって進化し,特に古代アレルの検出に課題が生じます.
- 複雑な進化のトレードオフを理解するには 複雑な遺伝子構造を解剖する必要があります
研究 の 目的:
- 異なった酵母種の進化を 解剖する
- Saccharomyces cerevisiaeにおけるガラクトース代謝の遅延の遺伝的根拠を調査する.
主な方法:
- グルコース・ガラクトース媒体のSaccharomyces cerevisiaeとSaccharomyces bayanusの比較分析
- 種間のGAL遺伝子 (プロモーターとコーディング領域) の遺伝子工学 (トランスジェネシス).
- 成長と遺伝子発現の現象分析
主要な成果:
- Saccharomyces cerevisiaeはS. bayanusと比較してガラクトース代謝が遅れている.
- S. cerevisiaeの GAL遺伝子プロモーターをS. bayanusに移植することで,遅延が大きく再現されました.
- GALプロモーターとコーディング領域の両方の変異がフェノタイプに寄与し,コーディング領域が組み合わせると成長欠陥を引き起こす.
- S. cerevisiae GAL遺伝子は,緩やかな誘導と抑制のための規制プログラムを与え,グルコース移行中にフィットネスに影響を与えます.
結論:
- 複雑なフェノタイプの遺伝的マッピングは,非常に異なった種でも達成可能である.
- S. cerevisiae の GAL 遺伝子規制ネットワークは,複雑な特性の進化のモデルを提供します.
- 特定のGAL遺伝子アレルは,環境条件に応じて,体格の劣化と利点の両方を授与します.
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