早期に枝分かれする腸内真菌は,生物質を分解する酵素の広範な配列を持っています

Kevin V Solomon¹, Charles H Haitjema¹, John K Henske¹

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 26, 2016

まとめ

基礎菌,特に無酸素性腸菌は,リンゴセルロースのバイオ処理に強力な酵素を提供する. これらの酵素は,広範な基板特異性と競争力のある分解能力を持ち,工業的な応用のための新しい機会を提示しています.

科学分野:

バイオテクノロジー
酵素学
菌類学

背景:

菌類は,リンゴセルロースの生物処理のための産業用酵素の主要な源です.
未知の基礎菌の探査により,新しい酵素の解が得られます.

研究の目的:

リンゴセルロースの生物処理のための基礎菌の酵素的可能性を調査する.
腸内無酸素菌から生体質を分解する酵素を特徴づける.

主な方法:

トランスクリプトミクス,プロテオミクス,フェノタイプ,生化学研究を統合したシステムレベルのアプローチ.
草食動物からの無酸素腸菌の分離と分析.
酵素の特徴と商用製剤との比較

主要な成果:

アナエロビックな腸内菌はバイオマス分解酵素の多様な配合を生成する.
腸内キノコ酵素は,未処理の植物バイオマスの競争的な分解を示しています.
酵素は,特にキセランを分解する酵素に富んだ,偏りのない基板を好みます.
リンゴセルロース生物処理のための識別された配列離散酵素候補.

結論:

アナエロビック腸菌は,産業用リンゴセルロースのバイオ処理のための有望で未開発の資源です.
彼らの酵素は,モデルシステムと比較して,基板の汎用性と分解効率の優位性を提供します.
これらの酵素とその調節に関するさらなる研究はバイオ燃料と生化学薬品の生産を進めることができます

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