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Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis01:13

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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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急速なタンパク質の動態を変えるように設計された変異によって酵素触媒を調節する

Ioanna Zoi1, Javier Suarez2, Dimitri Antoniou1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona , 1306 East University Blvd, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 2, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

濃厚な酵素研究により タンパク質の運動は 触媒作用において 極めて重要であることが示されています プリン核酸リン酸化物 (PNP) を変異させ,これらの運動を解除し,バリアの横断を減らし,フェムト秒ダイナミクスを確認する

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科学分野:

  • 生物化学
  • 酵素運動
  • 計算式生体物理学

背景:

  • 酵素触媒における超高速 (ピコ秒以下) タンパク質運動の役割は議論されている.
  • 同位体置換によって生成される重酵素は,触媒における振動結合の実験用プローブとして機能する.
  • 以前の研究では,重 purin 核酸リン酸化物 (PNP) と,質量依存のバリア通過率を関連付けていました.

研究 の 目的:

  • PNPの触媒部位振動に影響を与えるアミノ酸残留を計算的に特定する.
  • 変化した振動の自由が重酵素効果に与える影響を調査する.
  • フェムト秒ダイナミクスが酵素のバリア越えに与える影響を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • 触媒部位の振動モードに影響を与える第二球の残留物の計算式識別.
  • 重量および軽量ピューリン核酸化物 (PNP) のサイト指向型変異により,振動の自由度が変化する.
  • ワイルド型および変異したPNP変異体における酵素バリア越え率の測定

主要な成果:

  • 変異は重量PNPと軽量PNPの両方で触媒部位の振動の自由度を増加させた.
  • 酵素のバリア通過率は,質量依存から質量依存の変異後に移行した.
  • フェムト秒運動の変異性解離は 移行状態のバリア越えを 2 度減少させた.

結論:

  • サブピコ秒のタンパク質の動きは酵素触媒に大きく貢献する.
  • ミュタゲネシスによる振動の自由の調節は,重量の酵素効果を切り離すことができます.
  • フェムトセカンドダイナミクスは,酵素触媒反応の効率を決定する上で重要な役割を果たします.