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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a computational algorithm designed to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) efficiently. By breaking down the calculations into smaller, manageable sections, the FFT significantly reduces the computational complexity involved. Direct computation of an N-point DFT requires N2 complex multiplications, whereas the FFT algorithm needs only (N/2)log⁡2N multiplications, offering a much faster performance.
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In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in...
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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Rapid Repetition Rate Fluctuation Measurement of Soliton Crystals in a Microresonator
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繰り返し発生する高速無線電波

L G Spitler1, P Scholz2, J W T Hessels3,4

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, B-53121 Bonn, Germany.

Nature
|March 3, 2016
PubMed
まとめ

急速無線電波 (FRB) は以前は繰り返さないと考えられていた. 新しい観測により,FRB 121102は繰り返し発生する FRBであることを確認し,その起源に関する以前の理論に異議を唱えた.

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科学分野:

  • 天文学
  • 天体物理学
  • 宇宙学

背景:

  • FRBは銀河系外からの ミリ秒間の謎の電波です
  • 前回の観測では FRBは繰り返し発生しないことが示され 震災的な起源が示唆されました
  • 恒星物理学の鍵となるパズルです

研究 の 目的:

  • FRB 121102の繰り返しの性質を調査する
  • 繰り返されるFRBとその源の性質を特徴づける.
  • FRBの物理的起源に関する仮説を検証する.

主な方法:

  • FRB 121102のフォローアップ観測を行うためにラジオ望遠鏡を使用した.
  • 爆発到着時間,分散量,スペクトル特性を分析した.
  • 過去の検出と新しいバーストデータを比較して 繰り返しの行動を確認しました

主要な成果:

  • FRB 121102の方向から 10の爆発が検出され,その繰り返しの性質を確認しました.
  • 観測された全ての爆発の分散と空の位置が一致している.
  • 短時間スケールで変数スペクトル形状を特徴付け,固有の源の性質を示唆しています.

結論:

  • FRB 121102は明らかに反復FRBであり,その源はエネルギー的なイベントを生き延びています.
  • 観測されたスペクトル変異は,若い,高度に磁気化された,銀河外の中性子星の起源を支持します.
  • これらの発見は,高速電波の起源の多様性を理解するのに役立ちます.