MIMIVIREは,ミミウイルスに耐性を与える防御システムです
Anthony Levasseur1,2, Meriem Bekliz1,2, Eric Chabrière1,2
1Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France.
Nature
|March 3, 2016
まとめ
巨大ウイルスには新しい防御システムであるMIMIVIREがあり ウイルス菌の感染に対する抵抗力を提供します この核酸ベースの免疫は 伝統的なウイルス定義に挑戦し ウイルスの進化の洞察を提供します
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- 微生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 巨大ウイルスは従来のウイルス定義に 異なった特徴を備えています
- ウイルス菌はミミウイルスなどの 巨大ウイルスを含む 他のウイルスに感染するウイルスです
- ミミウイルスはウイルス菌感染に対する系統特有の耐性を示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ミミウイルスのウイルス感染に対する防御メカニズムを調査する.
- ゼミロンウイルス菌に対するミミウイルス耐性の 遺伝的根拠を特定するためです
- 巨大ウイルスにおける CRISPR-Casのようなシステムの可能性を 探求するためです
主な方法:
- 45種類の新しいミミウイルスの ゲノム解析
- 60のミミウイルスゲノムを比較して,ザミロン特異の配列を特定する.
- ミミウイルスのウイルスファージ耐性要素 (MIMIVIRE) の機能分析 遺伝子の静止とウイルス感受性の評価
主要な成果:
- ミミウイルス系A株はザミロンウイルス菌に耐性がある.
- 耐性菌株は,オペロン内にMIMIVIREと呼ばれる,ザミロン由来の配列挿入を含んでいる.
- MIMIVIRE遺伝子は,核酸分解の兆候である,核酸とヘリコースの機能を表しています.
- MIMIVIREを静止すると,Zamilonに対するミミウイルス感受性が回復する.
結論:
- ミミウイルスには新しい核酸ベースの免疫システム,MIMIVIREがあり,ウイルス菌感染に対する防御を提供します.
- MIMIVIREは細菌のCRISPR- Casシステムと似ており,外来核酸を標的とする.
- この発見は ウイルスの防御メカニズムと 巨大ウイルスの生物学の複雑さに対する 理解を広げています
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