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関連する概念動画

Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

1.2K
Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
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Eukaryotic Compartmentalization01:37

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization

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One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal...
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Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

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Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
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Eukaryotic Compartmentalizations01:46

Eukaryotic Compartmentalizations

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One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal cells...
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Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

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The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...
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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Continuous Measurement of Biological Noise in Escherichia Coli Using Time-lapse Microscopy
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セルラー分割による受動的なノイズフィルタリング

Thomas Stoeger1, Nico Battich1, Lucas Pelkmans2

  • 1Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland; Systems Biology PhD program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.

Cell
|March 12, 2016
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

分子システムにおけるランダムなノイズをフィルタリングし 予測可能な細胞の違いを高めます 核によって示されるこの受動的なノイズフィルタリングは,高いエネルギーコストなしでトランスクリプションの出力予測性を高めます.

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科学分野:

  • 細胞・分子生物学
  • システム生物学
  • 進化生物学

背景:

  • 化学反応は本質的にランダムで 細胞の機能やコミュニケーションを 妨げる騒音を誘発します
  • 既存のノイズフィルタリングメカニズムは エネルギー密集的で複雑です

研究 の 目的:

  • 分子システムの空間的な分割が 細胞のノイズをフィルターする方法を調べる
  • セルラー予測性を高めるための受動的なノイズフィルタリングの有効性を実証する.
  • 騒音フィルタリングが 細胞の進化に及ぼす影響を 研究する

主な方法:

  • 騒音フィルタリングメカニズムとしての空間分割の分析
  • ユーカリ細胞の核を被動的なノイズフィルタリングに使用した事例研究.
  • 転写出力の予測可能性のモデル化

主要な成果:

  • 空間分割は分子ノイズを効果的にフィルターし 細胞間の変化を保ちます
  • 騒音削減のスケーラブルでエネルギー効率の良い方法を提示しています.
  • ユカリオット核は受動的なノイズフィルタリングの例として機能し,転写出力の予測性を高めます.

結論:

  • 細胞区画化による受動的なノイズフィルタリングは,細胞の機能と予測性を維持するための堅実な戦略です.
  • このメカニズムは,細胞の複雑性と多細胞性の進化を理解するために重要な意味を持っています.