アミノ酸センサGCN2は,炎症体活性化を抑制することによって,腸内炎症を制御する
Rajesh Ravindran1, Jens Loebbermann1, Helder I Nakaya2
1Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Nature
|March 17, 2016
まとめ
一般的に抑制されない (GCN2) キナーゼは,炎症体の活性化を抑制することによって,アミノ酸の飢餓を感知して腸内炎症を制御する. GCN2欠乏症は,減少した自己消化,増加したROS,およびIL- 1βの産生によって炎症を増加させる.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 細胞生物学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 統合ストレス反応 (ISR) は,アミノ酸の飢餓に対するGCN2キナーゼによる反応を媒介する細胞ホメオスタシスにとって極めて重要です.
- 腸炎におけるISRとGCN2の役割は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- GCN2が腸内炎症を調節する役割を調査する.
- GCN2が炎症体活性化とTヘルパー17細胞反応を制御する分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- Gcn2 ノックアウトマウスモデル (CD11c-Cre Gcn2 ((fl/fl) とVillin-Cre Gcn2 ((fl/fl)) を利用した.
- 腸内細胞における炎症体の活性化,IL- 1βの産生,オートファジーマーカー (ATG5,ATG7),活性酸素種 (ROS) を評価した.
- ROSとIL- 1βのインビボ阻害剤を投与する.
主要な成果:
- 腸内APCや上皮細胞のGcn2欠失により,腸内炎症とTH17反応が悪化した.
- この悪化は,炎症体の活性化,IL- 1βの産生,自己死性の減少,およびROSの増加と関連していた.
- ROSとIL- 1βを阻害すると,Gcn2 ((- / -)) のマウスの炎症が改善された.
- 急性アミノ酸飢餓は,GCN2に依存した方法で腸の炎症を抑制しました.
結論:
- GCN2は,炎症体の活性化を抑制することで,腸炎を抑制する重要な抑制剤として作用する.
- GCN2-ISR経路は,アミノ酸センシングをオートファジー,ROS,およびIL- 1βの調節を通じて腸内免疫の制御に結びつける.
- GCN2またはその下流エフェクターをターゲットにすることで,炎症性腸疾患の治療戦略を提供することができます.
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