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熱帯と温帯の樹木は,気温上昇に強い適応を示している
Peter B Reich1,2, Kerrie M Sendall1, Artur Stefanski1
1Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Nature
|March 17, 2016
まとめ
植物の呼吸は二酸化炭素 (CO2) を大量に放出する. 長期の研究では 葉の呼吸が温暖化に適応し 二酸化炭素の放出を抑制し 気候変動の影響を軽減する可能性があることが示されています
科学分野:
- 植物生理学
- 気候変動科学
- エコロジー
背景:
- 植物の呼吸は大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の主要な源であり,気候変動に影響を与える.
- 地球の気温が上昇すると 植物からのCO2放出が増加し プラスフィードバックループが生まれます
- 温暖化への植物の長期的呼吸慣習に関する限られたデータは,正確な気候予測を妨げています.
研究 の 目的:
- 北米の樹木の気候温暖化への長期的葉の呼吸適応を調査する.
- 高温下でのCO2放出に対する適応の影響を定量化する.
- 実験的な温暖化と季節的な気温変動に対する適応反応を比較する.
主な方法:
- 北米の10種の樹木を数年にわたって 森林環境で研究した
- 実験的な温暖化 (3.4°C以上) と自然の季節的変動を利用した.
- 植物の葉の呼吸速度を測定した.
主要な成果:
- 葉の呼吸は,実験的な温暖化と季節的な温度変化の両方に強い適応を示した.
- 適応は葉の呼吸の予想される増加を80%減少させました (適応なしでは5%対23%).
- 観測された温度上昇毎の呼吸の増加は,短期的な実験室試験よりも著しく低かった.
結論:
- 葉の熱的適応は,温暖化に対する植物の呼吸反応を著しく抑制する.
- 野外環境への長期的適応は,植物の呼吸による大気中のCO2の増加を減少させる可能性があります.
- これらの発見は,植物の呼吸から気候温暖化への潜在的に弱い肯定的なフィードバックを示唆しています.
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