神経発火率 ホメオスタシスは睡眠によって抑制され,覚醒によって促進される
Keith B Hengen1, Alejandro Torrado Pacheco1, James N McGregor1
1Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
Cell
|March 22, 2016
まとめ
神経の発火率は 目覚めた時にリセットされますが 眠っている時にはリセットされません これは,睡眠に依存するプロセスは,ホメオスタティックな可塑性によって破壊され,記憶の統合に影響を与えることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 計算神経科学
- システム神経科学
背景:
- ホメオスタティックメカニズムは,特定の範囲内でニューロンの発火速度を調節することによって,安定した神経回路機能を維持します.
- 睡眠と覚醒などの脳状態がこれらの恒常性可塑性プロセスに及ぼす影響は,ほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 脳の状態が ニューロンの発火速度を 視野皮質のホメオスタシスに
- ホメオスタティックな可塑性メカニズムが 睡眠中に抑制されているかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 自由に行動するネズミの個々の視覚皮質ニューロン発射率のモニタリング.
- 視覚障害によるニューロンの発火率の乱れ
- 睡眠状態と覚醒状態での発射率回復の分析
主要な成果:
- ニューロンの発火率は 視覚障害の後に 活発な覚醒状態で 細胞自律のセットポイントに戻った.
- 覚醒期間の長さは,発火率の回復の程度と正の相関関係にある.
- 睡眠期間中に発火率リセットの抑制が観察された.
結論:
- ニューロンの発火率のホメオスタシスは脳の状態によって制限され,覚醒中に活性化し,睡眠中に抑制されます.
- 睡眠に依存するプロセスは,記憶の統合を含む,ホメオスタティックな可塑性メカニズムによる干渉に脆弱である可能性があります.
- これらの発見は 睡眠中の神経の安定性と 認知機能の間の 衝突の可能性を強調しています
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