哺乳類の胚性幹細胞におけるN(6) -アデニンのDNAメチル化
Tao P Wu1, Tao Wang1, Matthew G Seetin2
1Department of Genetics and Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Nature
|March 31, 2016
まとめ
研究者らはマウス幹細胞の 新しいDNA変異であるN(6) メチラデニンを発見した. この発見は,特に若いLINE-1トランポゾンとX結合遺伝子の表遺伝子静止におけるその役割を明らかにする.
科学分野:
- エピジェネティクス
- 分子生物学
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- 確立された見解は,哺乳類のゲノムにおける唯一のDNAメチル化として5メチルサイトシンを特定した.
- 哺乳類のエピジェネティクスにおける他のDNA変異の役割は,ほとんど未知のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類のゲノムに新しいDNAの変異を特定する.
- エピジェネティック調節における新たに特定されたDNA変異の機能と影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- マウスの胚性幹細胞を分析した.
- N ((6) メチラデニンを特定し,定量化するために使用される技術.
- N ((6) -メチラデニンのデメチラゼとしてのAlkbh1遺伝子の役割を調査した.
主要な成果:
- ネズミの胚性幹細胞におけるDNA変異としてN(6) -メチラデニンを特定した.
- Alkbh1は,N(6) -メチラデニンのデメチラゼであると確認され,その欠乏は転写サイレンシングにつながった.
- 若い元素で濃縮されたLINE-1トランポゾンの年齢と相関するN(6) -メチラデニンの堆積.
- 若いLINE-1トランポゾン,隣接する増強剤,X染色体遺伝子を含む遺伝子の静止が実証された.
結論:
- N(6) -メチラデニンは,他の生物における遺伝子活性化における既知の役割とは異なり,哺乳類のゲノムにおける表遺伝子静止において重要な役割を果たしている.
- このDNAの改変は哺乳類の進化と発達中のトランポゾン活動と遺伝子発現の調節に不可欠である.
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