2つの大陸で鳥の集団が気候変動に一貫した対応
Philip A Stephens1, Lucy R Mason2, Rhys E Green3
1Conservation Ecology Group, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
まとめ
地球規模の気候変動は 鳥の個体数に影響を及ぼしています 新しい気候影響指標 (CII) によると 気候の変化に優遇される種は増加し,他の種は減少しており,ヨーロッパと米国でも同様の傾向が見られます.
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 気候変動の生物学
- 生物多様性科学
背景:
- 気候変動は生物多様性にとって 大きな脅威です
- 以前の研究では 種の範囲の移り変わりと現象学に 焦点を当てていました
- 長期的な人口監視データは 気候変動の影響を理解するのに不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 気候変化が繁殖鳥群に与える影響を評価する.
- 気候変動によって恩恵を受けるか,不利になる種の多様性の傾向を反映した指標を開発する.
- 気候変動が鳥類に及ぼす影響を ヨーロッパと米国で比較する
主な方法:
- ヨーロッパとアメリカの 繁殖鳥の長期間監視データを活用した.
- 1980年以降,気候適合性の改善と減少を伴う種の複合集団指標を計算した.
- これらの複合指標の比率として気候影響指標 (CII) を導出しました.
主要な成果:
- 気候影響指標 (CII) は,ヨーロッパと米国の両方で,前向きで同様の傾向を示しました.
- 気候に適した種は,一般的にポジティブな人口傾向を示した.
- 気候適合性の低下に直面している種は,マイナスの人口傾向を示しました.
- 気候適合性の傾向によって,人口動向の異種間および空間的変動がよく予測された.
結論:
- 気候変動によって 鳥類の個体数は 大きく変化しています
- 開発された気候影響指標 (CII) は,これらの差異的な影響を効果的に定量化します.
- 保護戦略では 気候変動に対する種別対応を考慮する必要があるかもしれません
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